Btec Sport - Health Saftey and Injury Essay Example for Free

Btec Sport Health Saftey and Injury EssayObjective-* To grapple and chthonicstand different graphemes of injuriesTypes of injuries-* Muscle strains tears, pulls and rupturesThese argon caused by vigorous stretching of a muscle or tendon. In is of regular occurrence in the hamstring and calf muscles when on that point is failure to raw up powerful before variation. The Achilles tendon of the calf merchant ship tear alone this causes sever pain.Tear is where the muscle has been torn, Pull is where the muscle has been stretched and a Rupture is where the muscle whole breaks. We get out know when we obtain pulled torn or strained because there leave severe pain and there will be difficulty when laborious to use the muscle. There may also be swelling and later on bruising.* Fractured Bones (broken)A fracture is violate the bone cracks or completely snaps. Breaking bones is painful due to the amount of blood vessels and steel in the bones. Fractures can be categoriz ed in two ways. A fair Fracture This is just where the bone cracks. A Compound Fracture This is where the bone sticks out of the skin. There is often tenderness around the bone making it awkward to use and it will most certainly swell causing it to look deformed.* Joint dislocationDislocation is where the bone is pulled out of its original joint. It is caused by stressing the bone, ordinarily by violent twisting. It usually happens at all major joints much(prenominal) as Shoulder, finger, thumb, elbow and ankles. The bone will be surrounded by swelling and covered in bruises and will be tender to touch.* Sprained Ligaments (over stretched ligaments)A sprain happens when a ligament or joint get overstretched and torn. Sprains occur when twisting your foot plot running or other similar accidents. The sprain should be treated as a fracture if the ligament is torn because it is a lot much severe. The empyrean of damage while be very sore and will hurt to move it or use it* Ten donitis Tendonitis is caused by overuse of the tendons, ofttimes in the lower arm in the lower arm they then become inflamed and sore/painful. This is common with sports such as tennis and golf game where the tendon in the elbow is under constant use. The elbow will be very sore and it becomes almost impossible to use without difficulty. Swelling will be visible surrounding the injured tendon.* ConcussionConcussion is the result of injuring your brain from taking a lot of impact to the head such as world head butted or banging your head on a hard surface, these cause the brain to rattle around the skull. Concussion is often link up with unconsciousness which often follows a serious head spot. In most cases the patient will become dizzy or drowsy and become confused. In major cases there may even be memory loss.* Graze, Cuts, Burns and BruisesThese are caused by falling or scraping in a sporting event. They are usually painful but not very threatening and classed as minor. Howev er some cuts can be very deep and would bring urgent attention. Bruises will be painful but will not cause any permanent or long term damage. We will be able to recognise bruises by seeing discolouration of the skin and tenderness in that country.* Spinal InjuryThis is an injury to the spinal column. The spinal column contains nerves and ligaments and diddles a major role in our body so when damaged by impact or strain it can be potentially insidious to move without causing further permanent damage such as paralysis. This occurs after incidents such as car crashes and falls. You will be able to aver if u harbor damaged your spinal cord because it will be difficult to move and will cause a lot of pain.Objective-* To recognise illnesses/conditions that can affect sports performance* To discover the causes of injuryTypes of Illnesses-* Viral Infections/DiseasesChest Infections, Colds, Flu, Sickness etc.People suffering from viral infections will often shake a high temperature, b e suffering from pains in the muscles making them feel weak. If someone has a viral infection such as a cold they will probably suffer with a blocked nose, fever, sore throat and frequent coughing. Viral infections cannot be cured using antibiotics, however there are products available to help live the symptoms.* asthma attackThis makes a persons airways constrict making breathing difficult. Constriction is normally triggered by certain events such as allergies and temperature change. People having and asthma attack will suffer with symptoms such as a tight chest, also they may start wheezing and be bypass of breath. This can be relived temporarily by using steroid sprays, one to open the airways when they feel they need it and one that should be taken daily to block having attacks later in the day.* HypothermiaThis is where the bodys temperature drops below the normal temperature (around 36 degrees Celsius). The symptoms are usually tiredness, slurred speech and loss of coordin ation. In some extremities the colour and feeling can be lost in the hands and feet as the blood is being diverted away to keep the brain and heart working properly. People will generally feel better when they return to a warm environment as this will encourage the body to return to normal. Hypothermia is common with people such as mountain climber who are often exposed to cold environments for long periods of time.* HyperthermiaThis is caused by exposure to high temperatures, such as being in the sun/high temperatures for long periods of time. The results of hyperthermia are that the person will be left exhausted. Headaches, tiredness and thirst are also associated. To relive these symptoms the person should drink lots of fluids, while exercising and when recovering. If the person becomes to hot they could potentially become unconscious then they would require the need of being gift on a drip.* HypoglycaemiaHypoglycaemia is caused by having low levels of glucose in the blood so en ough isnt reaching the vita places e.g. the brain. It is commonly associated with people who have type 1 diabetes. Not enough food, too much exercise, consuming too much alcohol and having too much insulin in the blood all gift to causing hypoglycaemia. The symptoms of hypoglycaemia are confusion, shaking, paleness, hunger and in some extreme cases, unconsciousness. Eating food rich in carbohydrates can reverse these effects sort of quicklyThe Main Causes of InjuryInternally Caused* Overuse Injuries* Sudden InjuriesExternally Caused* Impact Injuries* Foul Play Injuries* Equipment Injuries* Accidental InjuriesInternally Caused Injuries Direct result of the performer, no other person or factor is involvedOveruse Injuries (Tennis/Golfers Elbow, Shin Splints etc.)These are caused by over training and over competing.Sudden InjuriesThese tend to be caused instantly because of over stretching, twisting and turning. They are commonly acknowledged with tiredness and fatigue and normally o ccur late on in a match. besides doing something too difficult can result in a sudden injury.Externally Caused Injuries Caused by someone or something other than yourselfImpact InjuryThis is and injury from being hit or hitting something. These are often the result of things like-* An Opponent* Equipment* Playing Surface* Playing ConditionsFoul Play InjuriesThese are normally the result of another player breaking the rules and regulations of the game. They may be unaware of the rules or may be doing it intentionally to harm.Accidental InjuriesDifferent activities have different levels and risk and higher elements of danger. For example Footballers are less likely to gain an injury than someone playing rugby due to it being more physical.Equipment InjuriesOld or unchecked/faulty equipment can result in these injuries. Equipment must be frequently maintained to avoid these occurring. These can be as simple as blisters from overuse or in the most extreme cases, even death.Prevention of Injuries* Warm up loosen muscles for prevention of pulling muscles.* founder the correct equipment ( sputter pads), wear them correctly to ensure safeness.* Know and follow the rules of the game to be able to play fair, include using officials to keep the activity under control, this way players are less likely to get injured* Check all equipment is safe and in good condition to ensure faulty equipment slant injure you.* Dont over compete (not doing too much exorcise)* Weather conditions- make sure the conditions are safe (not slippery, stormy etc.)1. PreparationBefore playing or participating in any sport it is vital that you train to your age and you personal fitness. also a good knowledge and understanding of the sport you will be participating in will also reduce the amount of injuries, a good respect for the rules and regulations of the game will reduce the injuries. A warm up and warm down is essential to help reduce the amount of injuries in the game. Consider having lo ng hair, long nails, jewellery and also the types of clothing you wear could also give you an injury.2. ParticipationBy according to the rules could prevent an injury, by using reckless tackles and reckless play can injure you and the opposing player. Officials have got to be consistent and fair in their decisions for the game to be fair and this could prevent someone from being injured, players must accept these decisions given by the officials.3. EquipmentFor the sport which you are participating in you need to be using the specialist equipment for that specific sport and has to be in good condition, such as shin pads for football, these have to be worn. All equipment has to be in top condition because if this equipment isnt safe and fails you could be seriously injured such as rock mount etc.4. EnvironmentThe area which the sport is being taken on has to be checked over for litter and unsafe objects. It has to be safe and appropriate. Also you have to check the weather condition s as this could lead the sport being potentially dangerous such as storms and windy weather.Risk Assessment1. You are about to conduct a badminton coaching session in the sports all.* Make sure that none of the equipment is faulty. E.g. rackets have sufficient grip, nets secured correctly.* Make sure that there is no wet floor* Make sure there is no obstructions in the way of the courts2. You are taking a year 7 group onto the dramatic art for football.* Make sure that everyone is wearing the correct protective equipment. (e.g. shin pads)* Make sure that there are no obstacles on the pitch or area where football will be played* Make sure the weather conditions are suitable for playing* Make sure that the pitch is suitable to play on by making sure its not icy or waterloggedPotential risk of playing-1. Badminton* Fire* falls* Foul play* Asthma attack* Hyperthermia* Slips* Lack of communication that could result in injury* Sensible behaviour* Know how to set up safe equipment2. Foot ball* Falls* Foul play* Asthma attack* Hyperthermia* Spinal Injury* Broken bones* Concussion* Weather conditions* Lack of communication that could result in injury* Sensible behaviour* Potholes* All spare equipment is out of the way* Posts are secured

Marketing objectives and strategies for Special Shoes

Marketing objectives and strategies for additional homeEXECUTIVE SUMMARYSpecial place is unmatchable of the most successful shoe shops in the country. Although it is quite popular, Special plaza need an online based shopping site or a website to further invoke their position as one of the top shoe shops in the country. Currently, guests must travel to the actual shop to purchase their shoes.With the creation of the website, client can comfortably browse through the selection of purchasable shoes and products provided by the Special Shoes Company and even receive function and promotion in their member areas. As some people might not like an online store where shoes cannot be tried out before purchasing/ordering, Special Shoes result provide chiropody advice go to the customer to further enhance the customer satisfaction on the product and guide the customer to good rump health.To make both existing and potential customer aware of the new e-commerce site and in effort to encourage them to visit the website, comparative advertising ordain be economic consumptiond. With comparative advertising, it will be designed to highlight the advantages of the goods or services offered by Special Shoes Company compared to those of other shoe shops available in the country.For a successful comparative advertisement, the comparison between the goods or services must be shown by the objective and the message of the advertisement by describing their main characteristics.Marketing StrategyPart of Special Shoes marketing strategy will base solely on its products and services provided. Special Shoes will also use advertisement that will receive abundant attention by the existing and potential customer. The strategy of the marketing campaign is to plus the target customer awareness of Special Shoes.MissionSpecial Shoes mission is to provide a wide selection of shoes and outstanding customer service. It will exist to attract and maintain customers. Their services will exceed the expectation of the customers.Marketing ObjectivesThe marketing objective of the new e-commerce site of Special Shoes is to build an effective pull campaign, bringing in new customer and keeping the loyalty of existing customers.Marketing ActivitiesPositioningSpecial Shoes will position itself as the premier outlet for online shoe shopping, providing the customer with the largest selection, rivaling some of the other shoe shops in the country. Special Shoes will leverage their competitory edge to progress to this desired positioning.To achieve a competitive edge, Special Shoes will provide as much selection of shoes as possible.MembershipMembership can be introduced either to new or existing customer through online or offline means. With the registration of customers as members, they are authorise to special discount rates and privileges provided by the Special Shoes. The first 100 customers to register will get a one year membership for bare with 12 monthly issues of Special Shoes magazine.Promotions and Discounts.Promotions and discounts of the products and services of the Special shoes can be made known to the customer through online or offline means. with online means, customers can either be sent an email or text message to inform them of the ongoing promotion and discounts. done offline means, advertisement can be used to attract new and existing customers.Media AdvertisementsTo further attract new customers and to inform the existing customer of the new website, advertisements can be used to achieve this aim. Examples of media advertisements that can be used are television, radio and newspaper.Chiropody adviceSpecial Shoes will also be able to provide chiropody advice services to the customer as Special Shoes recognize that their competitors did not offer this services.Addressing Existing Customer and New CustomerExisting CustomersTo address the existing customer of the new Special Shoes website, encouragement and recommendation of onli ne registration to the website can be made to get the transition of the existing customer from offline to online.New CustomersThrough advertisements, new customers can be made, therefore information of the website must be made clear and concise so that future customers can be attracted to pop off a member to the Special Shoes.Offline Marketing RequirementsOffline marketing is also crucial in promoting the Special Shoes shop where examples of offline marketing techniques that can be use are outdoor signage such as billboards, press releases and including the website address on business cards or other printed marketable material.Target MarketSpecial Shoes is targeting the population segments within a broad category of age, gender and needs.Since most of the customer will purchase shoes for the workplace as head as for leisure succession. Special Shoes have targeted this broad selection of customer as they have the need for many different pairs of shoes for altogether of their diff erent activities and needs.StrategiesSpecial Shoes marketing strategy will seek to create customer awareness regarding the products that they offer, develop the customer base, and work toward building customer loyalty and referrals.The messages that Special Shoe will seek to communicate are that the offer the largest selection of shoes and provide chiropody advice services online. People no longer need to go to the actual shop to find what shoes are available. A method of communication is by advertisement in the local anesthetic media which will be placed in newspapers, radio and televisions. some other method of communication will be through online advertisement such as emails, a system of communicating electronically where this will eliminate unneeded spending on postal fees to inform the customers of new products and services provided by Special Shoes. Another means of communication that can be used is the RSS feeds.What is the method to track visitors going to the website?Tracki ng visitors visiting the Special Shoes website may be near where the data from the feedbacks of visitors can be extremely helpful in tweaking and fine-tuning your site. The more data that can be collected from the visitors, the more productive and effective the campaigns, contents, and services can be produced. There are many tools and application that is provided in the internet in order to track website visitors. Some examples of these tools are free website bring in software, analytic software and services that track and analyze data.In creating websites free website tracking software are available on the internet. In relation to this, website source would probably have access to cpanel. Cpanel is an open-source GUI interface that administers to the websites and blogs. Cpanel also have the ability to view current and historical statistics regarding the domain. Most cpanel interface includes these deuce programs such as Webalizer and AwStats (Advanced Web Statistics). Webalizer is a tool that keeps track of specific types of data and shows it graphically on the web. Webalizer collects data such as the universal resource locator (shows the URL that was requested by the users browser), Hit (every single HTTP request that your visitors browser submits is counted as a hit), Visitor (each specific IP address or HTTP cookie), Visit (Each time a visitor accesses the website) and the User Agent (the web browser used by the visitor to access the website e.g. Firefox etc).1172 words

The Issue Of Elder Abuse And Neglect Social Work Essay

The Issue Of elderberry bush Abuse And Neglect Social Work analyse elderly smear and neglect is a critical wellness like issue that must be brought to the attention of health dish out providers and shape upd adults family members. Adults honest-to-god than 65 who live at home or in long-term foreboding facilities may be at take chances for abuse. Nurses should be aw are of the curtilages, masking questions, symptoms of abuse, and resources in the community. Armed with information and a better empathiseing about the issue, nurses rotter minimize the devastating effects of abuse on elder adults and their families. any man, woman, and child deserves to be treated with respect and caring. Individuals of tout ensemble ages deserve to be protected from harm by bring offgivers (American Psychological Association, 2006). Significant policy developments during the past 20 years hold up focused on eliminating abuse. However, a deficit in health solicitude providers knowle dge and clinical skill lotion remains. The purpose of this phrase is to define and describe the kinds of abuse, their potential clinical presentations, and theoretical ex innovationations for abuse to enhance nurses knowledge and understanding of their role in its judgment and management in ripened adults.BACKGROUNDAbuse is defined as the infliction of injury, unreasonable confinement, intimidation, or punishment, with resulting physical harm, pain, or mental anguish (Table 1). It can also be the wilful deprivation by a caregiver of goods or services that are necessary to maintain physical or mental health (American Psychological Association, 2006). elderly abuse and neglect has plagued society for centuries but only recently has the issue come to the attention of health care providers, law enforcement agencies, and antifertility services. Fewer look for studies exist about the maltreatment of onetime(a) adults than about other forms of family violence, including child abu se, rape, and intimate partner violence. The earliest reports of elder abuse and neglect in the join Kingdom in the 1970s dramatized case reports of the phenomenon, termed Granny battering. The health care community and the public were shocked and appalled. A decade later, studies confirmed that the problem was reciprocal in the get together States as well.In the late 1970s, the U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging issued a series of reports on abuse and neglect occurring in breast feeding homes. In 1981, the U.S. House of Representatives Select Committee on Aging conducted hearings in which victimized old adults gave firsthand testimony of their experiences with abuse. In 1986, the Institute of medicinal drug published recommendations for celebrateing the maltreatment of older adults in institutions, and several years later, the Elder Abuse Task Force was created by the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and tender Services. The task force developed an action plan for the identification and prevention of maltreatment of older adults in their own homes, health care facilities, and communities. The action plan let ind data collection, research, technical assistance, training, and public genteelness. The National Center on Elder Abuse was established as part of the Administration on Agings Elder Care Campaign. Adult Protective Services programs now exist in every state to serve vulnerable adults, particularly older adults, who may be at risk of exposure for abuse and neglect. Many law enforcement agencies and Offices of the District Attorney piddle investigative staff specifi beefy trained to address abuse of older adults and other vulnerable populations, in collaboration with health care and protective service professionals.Such actions have led to increased public and health care provider awareness about elder abuse and neglect. Researchers have also sought to grasp the full scope and causes of maltreatment among older adults. Laws that req uire health care providers to report suspected cases have been instituted in nearly every state. The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (2006) standards for emergency departments and ambulatory care centers call for improved identification and management of elder abuse, in addition to intimate partner violence and child abuse.As the U.S. population ages, demands placed on health care systems to care for older adults are increasing. More than 36 million people who live in the United States are older than age 65, and 600,000 older adults will require assisted living (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration on Aging, 2006). Currently, there are approximately 17,000 nursing homes in the United States, with 1.6 million residents (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration on Aging, 2004). Unfortunately, older adults are becoming victims of intentional abuse and neglect within their own homes, as well as in assisted living and long-term care facilities.Each year in the United States, 1 to 2 million adults older than age 65 are injured, exploited, or mistreated by their caregivers (National Research Council Panel to Review Risk and Prevalence of Elder Abuse and Neglect, 2003). One community-based, cross-sectional survey reported that 32 of every 1,000 older adults reported that they had experienced some form of maltreatment at least once since reaching age 65 (Pillemer Finkelhor, 1988). Underreporting is typical with all kinds of abuse, and it is estimated that only 1 in 14 elder maltreatment cases are reported. Health care providers can expect to attend to a steady increase in the number of cases of elder maltreatment as the older adult population rapidly increases.THEORIES OF ELDER ABUSEElder abuse is a complex problem with multiple risks and causes. Dysfunctional family lives, cultural issues, and caregiver inadequacies have been implicated as contributing factors. Awareness of such factors may service of process nurses understand and anticipate situations where maltreatment may be preventable.Several theories attempt to explain the existence and increasing occurrence of elder abuse. The transgenerational, or social learning, theory asserts that violence is a learned behavior. Individuals who have witnessed or been victims of family violence are more than likely to try to resolve challenging and difficult life-time situations with violent tactics they learned in their formative growth. Although 90% of perpetrators of elder abuse are reported to be family members, this cannot account for all cases (Fulmer, Guadagno, Bitondo, Dyer, Connolly, 2004).Situational theory supports the intellect that the greater the burden on caregivers, the more likely caregivers are to abuse. Exchange theory addresses the dependence of older adults on their caregivers as a risk of abuse, along with inadequate methods of problem solving as an established pattern of family behavior. Political economic theory addresses the changing roles of older adults. Their loss of independence and income may cause them to look to others for care and support (Fulmer et al., 2004).Psychopathology of the caregiver theory studies caregivers with severe emotional or mental health problems or addictions that put the older adults for whom they care at risk of being abused. For example, a caregiver with a mental health problem who cares for a frail older adult with cognitive worsening is a dangerous combination and may lead to resistant behavior and maltreatment. Although theoretical frameworks cannot explain all cases of elder maltreatment, they can provide a foundation garment for nurses to begin to understand the combination of factors responsible for the occurrence of elder abuse and initiate a holistic plan of care.NURSING ASSESSMENT INTERVENTIONSNurses are in an ideal position to play a significant role in the detection, management, and prevention of elder maltreatment and may be the only individuals outside of the family who have regular contact with an older adult. Nurses are uniquely qualified to perform physical and psychological assessments, order confirmatory diagnostic tests (e.g., blood tests, x-rays), and collaborate with physicians and protective services. They may authorize services, such as home health care, or recommend hospital admission as they initiate get along investigation by the appropriate local agencies.Opportunities for abuse detection and intervention occur daily in health care settings. In institutional settings, nurses may monitor tolerant health and perform health history interviews and physical, psychological, sexual, and financial abuse assessments that may be crucial to elicit reports, expose or prevent abuse, and intervene for patients gum elastic (Wieland, 2000). Nurses and other health care providers are part of an interprofessional team collaborating to ensure appropriate, sensitive, and safe outcomes for older adult patient s.Institutional maltreatment occurs in long-term care facilities, board-and-care homes, and other assisted-living facilities. Institutional medical directors, private practitioners, nurses, and all health care workers in daily contact with older adults have a responsibility to identify, treat, and prevent abuse.Abuse may be perpetrated by a staff member, another patient, an intruder or a visitor, or a family caregiver. Abuse may include failure to implement a plan of care or provide treatment, unauthorized use of physical or chemical restraints, and use of medication or isolation for punishment or staff convenience. Nurses must be aware of patient diagnoses, medical orders for care, and medications and their side effects to recognize what is suspicious and needs further evaluation or warrants a report to supervisors. However, most elder maltreatment does not occur in institutions but in the home at the turn over of a caregiver, often a family member.Unless nurses are educated about abuse and how to observe suspicious injuries, elder abuse may be difficult to detect. Definitions of the kinds of abuse and their signs and symptoms should be included in the training and education of family members and health care workers who care for older adults. Older adults experiencing abuse may be unable to occur clearly, their bruises may be attributed to the aging process, or they may be fearful and hesitant to report abuse (Wieland, 2000). Indications of physical abuse should signal health care providers to evaluate for other kinds of abuse, such as sexual abuse.In addition to inadequate information, training, and the caregivers experience of caring for older adults, older adults are at risk for maltreatment due to other vulnerabilities. Older adult residents in institutions are typically dependent and chronically ill and may have cognitive, visual, and auditory impairments. They are usually more frail than are younger patients and may not have regular visitors who monit or their mental status, physical condition, or health care. In older adults, each vulnerability increases their mortality risk (Fulmer et al., 2004).Co-existing conditions and medical diagnoses may lead to worse outcomes for older adults who are abused. They may have a diminish ability to heal after injury and may experience greater trauma from physical injuries than do younger people. Their bones are more toffy and tissue more easily bruised, abraded, and lacerated with minimal trauma. Injured older adults differ from the younger population in terms of cause of injury, physical and psychological responses to abuse and injury, and outcomes.Dementia is common in 50% of residents of long-term care facilities (National Center for Health Statistics, 1985), and cognitive impairments often cause older adults to behave in a more resistant manner toward caregivers. Impaired cognition, along with insufficient resources, staff shortages, high staff turnover, and inadequate supervision and tr aining, may increase the risk of elder maltreatment. In addition, societal ignorance about required standards for quality care and victimized older adults acceptance of abusive or neglectful behavior can lead to exacerbation of elder abuse in institutions.Routine questions related to elder abuse and neglect can be incorporated into daily nursing practice. Diminished cognitive capacity does not necessarily negate older adults ability to describe maltreatment. It is always reasonable for nurses to ask about abuse or neglect. A brief mental status examination can be helpful in evaluating patients cognitive status.Assessment for elder abuse should include caregiver, as well as victim, evaluation. Nurses should conduct interviews and examinations with the patient first, in a private setting separate from the caregiver.Clinical settings should have a protocol for the detection and assessment of elder maltreatment. Protocols should consist of a narrative, checklist, or standardized forms t hat enable rapid book binding for elder abuse and provide guidelines for sound documentation that may help disclose patterns of abuse over time and will withstand scrutiny in court. Basic demographic questions should be included and should allow the interviewer to determine the family subject and socioeconomic status. Interviews should proceed from general questions that assess the patients sense of well-being to those focusing on specific kinds of abuse. Common signs and symptoms of maltreatment should be evaluated (Table 2).Elder abuse screening instruments are summarized by Fulmer et al. (2004). Questions recommended by Wieland (2000) for general abuse screening and assessment include* Do you feel safe where you are living?* Who is responsible for your care?* Do you often disagree with your caregiver(s)? If so, what happens?* Does anyone scold or shout at you, slap or hit you, or leave you alone and make you live for care or food?After general screening questions, more specifi c questions about kinds of abuse may follow* Has anyone ever touched you without your assent?* Has anyone ever made you do things you did not want to do?* Has anyone ever taken something that was yours without asking?* Have you ever signed any documents that you did not understand?Health care providers do not have to prove that elder maltreatment has occurred. They need to screen and document suspicious verbal and physical findings, which may be as simple as stating that the patient seems to have health or personal problems and needs assistance. Sound documentation may include drawings of injuries on body diagrams or photographs to support written reports. Suspicious claims for abuse and neglect may be difficult to quantify. Diagnosis of elder maltreatment depends on education about abuse and application of that knowledge by the multidisciplinary team of health care providers, law enforcement agencies, advocates, and patients. Protocols for elder abuse screening, assessment of risk factors, and documentation should be posted in all health care facilities.ABUSE AND THE LAWNational standards for care in nursing homes are based on the care for Home Reform Act of 1987. The law is part of the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987, often referred to as OBRA 87. The intent of the law is to go on high-quality care and prevent substandard care. The law also seeks to ensure that the rightlys of nursing home residents are respected. These include* The right of protection against Medicaid discrimination.* The right to participate in health care decisions and to give or withhold informed consent for particular interventions.* The right to safeguards to reduce inappropriate use of physical and chemical restraints.* The right for provisions to ensure proper transfers or discharges.* The right to full access to a personal physician, long-term care ombudsman, and other advocates.* The right to be ingenuous from verbal, sexual, physical, or mental abuse, c orporal punishment, and involuntary seclusion.* The right to be free from physical restraints or psychoactive drugs administered for the purpose of discipline or convenience.Nearly all states have mandatory reporting laws that require health care professionals and paraprofessionals to report suspected elder abuse and neglect to a designated authority. Some state laws get that after authorities have been alerted to suspected elder abuse or neglect, an agent of the state must make an onsite investigation in an attempt to settle the report. Uniform reporting systems are established, and cases are assigned and investigated by protective services in a timely fashion. Cases are assigned and investigated by protective services in a timely fashion. Nurses may play an important role in preventing and identifying elder abuse, as well as in the concomitant investigation.CONCLUSIONElder abuse is a significant problem in the United States and often goes unreported and unrecognized. Elder abus e may be physical, emotional, psychological, sexual, or financial. Immediate care, overnight housing, and care in a safe location, in addition to long-term care and home-delivered food, may be necessary. Elder abuse may be a minor issue that can be easily resolved or it can result in severe and life-threatening debilitation.The more knowledge health care providers have, the more likely they are to institute strategies for abuse prevention and management. No matter how minor or severe the abuse, nurses have a duty to assess elderly patients according to recommended protocols and report suspected abuse to designated authorities. The multidisciplinary team then works together to help resolve the issue. The application of knowledge about elder abuse includes screening, assessment, and sound documentation in an attempt to enhance the quality of life and maximize the functional ability of older adults.Sidebar

Economic Effects Of Water Pollution Environmental Sciences Essay

Economic Effects Of Water Pollution environmental Sciences EssayIntroductionWater contaminant is ever more becoming a big problem that the human creation trains to seriously look at. Water is the most valuable re bloodline that we have and all living things slope go for long without it. 70% of the surface of the Earth is covered with peeing but appargonntly only 3% of it is fresh and fit for human consumption. Of that 3%, 75% of it is frozen leaving a mere 1% of the earths surface weewee which is available for consumption.Some of the major sources of irrigate system pollution let in hoidenish pollution, organic pollution, noxious waste, runoff and thermal pollution. In modern times, organic pollution has been on an upward trend to the environment and this is heavily beca uptake of the growing population the world is witnessing. One will find in a developed city, that there be so many people that the environment sewer plants and sewerage plants are not able to take in all t he waste and at the same time, function in its usual way. The excess waste becomes viands for the algae and this increases their growth rate and thus depletes oxygen in the pee.In order to combat diseases and combat the extinction of plant and animal life, which play a big part in the economy, water pollution should be put under control. It has been estimated that it is the lead ca persona of deaths and diseases in the world. To control water pollution move need to be taken kindred treatment of domestic sewage, which apparently contains 99.9% of pure water, industrial waste water treatment, d atomic number 53 through pollution stripe process, agricultural waste water treatment through point and non point source control system and many other ways.Research questionDoes water pollution really have an effect on the economy?Signifi assceThis proposal aims at looking at the various ways that end be employ to prevent water pollution and to establish the ways that are most efficient and scotchally viable. This will be done by all the way looking at all the methods that laughingstock be used to prevent water pollution and their workability. The importance of so doing is to look at the cost useful method than can be used and how well the method works.Literature ReviewThis research proposal aims at looking at the variant types of water pollution i.e. point source pollution and the non-point source pollution, the causes i.e. pathogens, chemic and other contaminants, thermal pollution and as well to look into details the different methods that are used to reduce or eliminate water pollution i.e. domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, agricultural wastewater, construction site stormwater, urban runoff (Parks, 2007).Previous researchDuring the summer of 1971, at a filtration plant in Chicago south, the filters were blocked with a bulk of algae that they hand to be removed by hand. The water tasted and smelled like dead fish and this led to the addition of a lot more chlorine in order for the water to be drinkable. If this can happen to lots(prenominal) big lakes like Lake Michigan then all the lakes out there are not safe. To stop this from happening better systems to treat sewage need to be devised. New systems that take raw sewage and turn it into usable water have been developed, however it is only done on a diminutive scale instauration. A research done by Pulitzer centre found out that more than 900 million people in the world do not have access to exonerated water everyday and that 4500 people die each day due to waterborne illness. People spend a lot of time on a daily basis to fetch clean water, taking time away from more economically productive education and work. This is disdain the fact that unlike most crises around the world, sanitation and clean water can be achieved at affordable prices and the reward of the venture is impressive.METHODOLOGY in that respect are two types of water sources, ground water and surface water and they both have different pollutants. Some of the sources of surface water pollution includePoint source pollution- This refers to a single recognizable source of water pollution and the contaminants enter the channel through passages such(prenominal) as a retch or a pipe. This can be done through discharges from a factory, stormwater or a sewage line. From the book written by S.K. Agarwal, he says that much of the pollution in our rivers is caused by human activities which are not controlled causing accelerated flow of soil minerals from the land to the rivers. He says that point source water pollution can be prevented by ensuring that the water coming from factories and sewerage systems is well tempered before being released into rivers and other water bodies.Non-point source pollution-This refers to pollution that does not originate from one discrete source. It is mostly summative contamination effect of little amounts of contaminants which gather from a large area. An example is the runoff of wholesome in storm water or storm water that is washed off from roads, parking areas or highways. Some of these discharges whitethorn contain harmful pollutants that whitethorn mix with clean water and make it harmful to plants and living organisms. This can be prevented by channeling the run off to other places where it can be treated before being released to water bodies.Ground water pollution-This is not easily categorized as surface water pollution. Groundwater aquifers are at risk of contamination from sources that whitethorn not openly affect surface water bodies puddles of water pollutionThe precise contaminants that lead to pollution in water include a wide range of chemics, pathogens, and tangible or sensory changes such as increased temperature and discoloration. Even though most of the substances and chemicals that are found may be naturally occurring (sodium, calcium, manganese, etc.) the concentration is often determines what is a normal compo sition of water, and besides what is a contaminant.Substances that deplete oxygen may be natural materials, such as plant matter like leaves and grass, as well as artificial matter like chemicals. Other natural substances may cause turbidity which occurs as cloudiness blocking light and disrupting plant growth, and clogging the gills of some fish genus.Many of the chemical matter are toxic. Pathogens can produce waterborne ailment in either humans or animals. Modification of waters physical chemistry includes change in pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, and eutrophication. This is an increase in the intensity of chemical nutrients in an ecological unit to a level that increases in the primary productivity of the ecological unit. Depending on the quantity of eutrophication, subsequent destructive environmental effect such as oxygen depletion and rigorous reductions in water quality may occur, distressing fish and other animal populations (Parks, 2007).BIOLOGICAL IMPURITIESV irus, Bacteria, and Parasites Ages ago, waterborne diseases caused a lot of deaths. Even today in underdeveloped nation, an anticipated 25,000 people will pass away daily from waterborne diseases. Consequences of waterborne microbes can be instant and overwhelming. consequently, microbes are the most significant consideration in making water up to standard for human consumption.Generally speaking, current municipal supplies are rather free from unsafe organisms because of regular disinfection with chlorine and recurrent sampling. This does not imply that municipal water is free of all bacteria. People with personal come up and undersized rural water systems have a greater reason to be alarmed about the possibility of microorganism contagion from animal waste, dirty containers, and many other problems. In California, there is a little district, where 4,000,000 gallons of urine is taken up by the ground daily from dairy cows Powers that be claim that nearly 4000 cases of waterborne illnesses are accounted every course of study in the U.S. They also approximate that much of the temporary ills and day by day gastrointestinal malady that go usually unreported can be accredited to organisms located in our water supplies.INORGANIC IMPURITIESTotal Dissolved Solids These substances include dissolve rock particles and other compounds from the ground. The existence and quantity of total dissolved particles in water characterizes a point of controversy among those who endorse water treatment products. The consequences of high levels of Total Dissolved Solids in water includeHigh TDS water is always less thirst quenching.High TDS results in undesirable flavor which could be bitter, salty or metallic.High TDS hinders the flavor of foods and drinks, resulting to them not being pleasing to consume.Some of the entity mineral salts that build up TDS can cause an assortment of wellness hazards. The most problematic are Sodium, some Nitrates, Sulfates, Copper, and also Bari um.Dirt and Sediment or Turbidity Most waters have some suspended elements which may be made up of clay, fine and sometimes rough sand, different grades of soil, and precipitated salts in general. Turbidity is nasty to see, and it can also be a source of food and place to stay for microorganisms, and can get in the way of effective disinfection.Radioactivity As much as trace amounts of radioactive elements can be obtained in almost all drinking water, intensities that pose serious health hazards are reasonably rare. Radioactive wastes percolate from mining processes into groundwater supply. The maximum terror is posed by nuclear processing plants, nuclear mishaps, and radioactive waste discarding sites. As containers having these wastes weaken with time, the risk of contaminating our aquifers grows by the day.ORGANIC IMPURITIESHerbicides and Pesticides The growing use of pesticides and herbicides in agriculture can be seen in our drinking water. Irrigation and Rain bring these f atal chemicals down into the groundwater and also into surface waters. There are some 100,000,000 inhabitants in the US who depend on groundwater for supply entire or part of their drinking water. The way our dependence upon groundwater is increasing, so is its contagion. Our own domestic use of herbicide and pesticide substances also adds to real contamination. These same chemicals can bring about respiratory, circulatory and nerve disorders (Parks, 2007).Tastes and Odors If the water you use has a disagreeable taste or odor, there is a chance that it is due to one or even more of numerous unrefined substances ranging from rotting vegetation to algae phenols to hydrocarbons. It can also be TDS or a host of other items.Effects of water pollutionWater borne diseasesHuman communicable diseases are some of the gravest effects of water contamination, particularly in growing countries, where hygiene may be insufficient or non-existent. Waterborne diseases come about when parasites or o ther disease-causing microbes are transfer through contaminated water, particularly water tainted by pathogens starting off from excreta. These may include intestinal vermin, typhoid, and even most of the enteric and dissipation diseases that are caused by parasites, bacteria, and viruses. Some of the gravest parasitic diseases are ascariasis, amoebiasis, and even hookworm (Parks, 2007).Even developed countries are not resistant to the crisis of infectious waterborne diseases. In the year 1993, there was a high cryptosporidium level in Milwaukees drinking water delivery that sickened more than 400,000 people. It was an extreme case, but diffusion of infection agents such as bacteria and cysts through contaminated but poorly treated public water is even more regular than it should be. Each year, approximately septenary million Americans are made sick by tainted water. This is just partly because of drinking water-pollution of recreational water, like the beach water and swimming po ols, is also a predicament.Nutrient pollutionThe emancipations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients that come from waste disposal, agriculture, coastal expansion, and fossil fuel application. Once the nutrient contamination reaches the coastal zone, it encourages harmful overgrowths of algae, which can have straight toxic effects and in the end result in low-oxygen conditions.There are certain types of algae which are poisonous. Overgrowing of these algae may result in risky algal flourish, which are frequently referred to as red tides .Zooplankton eat the poisonous algae and start passing the toxins up the food series and affect edibles like clams, and eventually working their way up to seabirds, aquatic mammals, and humans. The result can be sickness and sometimes death (Agarwal, 2005).urbanized countries have started checking for toxic algal blooms, shutting fisheries as necessary. This has been able to reduce the frequency of related human illness but has also had the ob vious economic charge of lost income for fishers and other related businesses-and it does nothing to solve the trouble for the oceanic life stuck in the center of the red tide.Lastly, nutrient pollution can set off unusual outbreaks of fish diseases. For instance, experts have found out that Pfiesteria, a tiny aquatic pathogen, can prosper in nutrient- foul waters. In the year 1991, it is estimated that at least a million menhaden fish in North Carolina, were swiped out in a Pfiesteria epidemic. Again in 1997, numerous tidal creeks in the Chesapeake Bay watershed got a Pfiesteria epidemic, and grave fish kills occurred creating a huge dent in the economy. Nutrient pollution is believed to have played a role in the two cases.Chemical pollution.In the years, several types of chemicals have gotten into our watercourse -and still continue to do so to date. Chemical pollution of water usually occurs becausethe chemicals were discarded into the water deliberatelythe chemicals oozed into s treams, groundwater, or rivers because of weakening pipes or storage containersthe chemicals disastrously tainted waterways because of industrial accidentsThe pollution developed out of polluted air or was brought on out of polluted air.Chemicals were leached out of polluted earth.The kinds of chemical contamination above are regarded as point sources of pollution of water. On the other hand Non-point-source chemical contamination also happens through pesticide runoff from farm lands and homeowners lawns, as well as overflow of vehicle fluids and other different chemicals from parking bays, tarmac roads, driveways, and many other surfaces (Burk, 2005).In regard to general human wellbeing effects, pesticides canDistress and injure the nervous systemCause injury to the liverDamage DNA and be the root of a assortment of cancersCause reproductive damageCause additional severe toxic effects.Petroleum and Oil ChemicalsAs oil contamination gets into water, some of the compositions are tarn ished and detached by photochemical processes, evaporation, and even bacterial degradation, while others can be more challenging and may persist on for many years, especially in low waters with muddy sediments. Experts know that oil or the chemical components of it can seep into marshland and sub-tidal sediments and stay there for decades, harmfully affecting marine worms, marsh grasses, and other marine life that live around or in the sediment.ConclusionThe tap water quality is synchronized, and almost 100% of communal water systems in the United States are meeting the set clean drinking water standards. But this is not good enough because many people are still persuaded its worth buying water that is bottled. Even when the Environmental Working Group did tests on tap water from a number of urban areas, it found around 119 allegedly normal chemicals-some of which the EPA has put health-based restrictions-and another 141 altogether unfettered chemicals. If tap water has those many chemicals in it but can still be classified as meeting water quality values, one might say that the standards not up to date.In all regards, it is fair to say that tap water usually has a some what strong chlorine taste. Chlorine and its disinfecting byproducts are known to be health threats, and no one wants to be the casualty of the next cryptosporidium-in-drinking-water crisis or some similar horror (Tripathi Pandey, 2009).Therefore it is no wonder that many of us go to the extra expenditure and trouble of buying bottled water or filtering tap water, even if there are no set of laws that guarantee those approaches will be able to offer water which is safer.People should not agree to this situation passively. It is costing us a lot of money. The income for bottled water is approximately $12 billion in a year-in the United States alone. And on top of that, you can add the money for filters for the kitchen-sink water. Put in the additional fuel use associated with built-up, packing , and transportation of these goods, and we find that the cost of avoiding tap water that is polluted is rather soaring. We had not even counted the health costs machine-accessible to waterborne ailments and other health complication because of water pollution.What if we as a people were to spend just half of this money as an alternative to addressing the basis of water pollution? It could go a extensive way toward putting in place old water treatment plants funding the restoration wetlands and efforts of monitor watershed and tightening the enforcement laws that govern clean water.

New Jersey V. T.L.O. Essay -- essays research papers

The Fourth Amendment to the constitution protects United States citizens from unreasonable appeares and seizures. Our forefathers recognized the harm and abuses that occurred in the colonies to innocent flock by the British, and they do sure to write protections into the U.S. Constitution. Fearing the jurisprudence state that each nation has the potential to be set out and recognizing that freedom and liberty is meaningless when victimization by the police is a real and foreboding threat the Fourth Amendment was created. The Fourth Amendment has gone through many challenges and controversies in the past, and currently the issue of how the Fourth Amendment applies to students in cosmos schools has come to be contended in the courts. While it is apparent to me that the Fourth Amendment should be no less applicable in schools than in the general society these necessity native protections give birth been under fire in recent years and many rights bring been taken away from stu dents. The Fourth Amendment of the Constitution states, "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable assayes and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the emerge to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized." No where in this law does it create special divisions or classifications between adults and minors in society, so one should of course confiscate that persons under 18 should be afforded the same protections as anyone over 18. The moment when minors are most at the mercy of government officials is time in school, and this is when these Constitutional Fourth Amendment protections are needed. The largest and first assault on the rights of students to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures occurred in the case of New Jersey v. T.L.O. In 1980 at Piscataway High School in Middlesex County, N.J. a few girls were caught smoking in the bathroom. After being brought to the principals office one of the girls, T.L.O., denied that she had been smoking. The principal then searched her pocket edition looking for for cigarettes. After finding a pack of cigarettes the search continued until the principal discovered evidence of drug dealing. This evidence was used to prosecute T.L.O. and finally she get a year of p... ...arteries a secret. This I find to be substantially suspect. While I do not argue that the student athletes have a lower expectation of privacy due to their situation in the locker rooms and activities undertaken together as a team, I do not see that this expectation is nearly low enough to allow an invasion of ones own body for the purposes of a search. Clearly there is no way for anyone to have any indication of what chemicals are contained inside ones own blood by a casual glance or even a thorough demand of the extraneous of ones body. The expe ctation of privacy regarding ones blood would be equivalent to the contents of a safe hidden and locked inside ones house. While this expectation of privacy is something to be esteem it can still be violated by an individual suspicious of guilt accompanied by a probable cause and a search warrant. In that case the blood test or the opening of the safe would be justified in my opinion. But due to the nature of the interference of this search it is obvious to me that it is unconstitutional and this court decision should be reversed. These two court cases are very important in the evolution of the Fourth Amendment in earthly concern schools. New Jersey V. T.L.O. Essay -- essays research papers The Fourth Amendment to the constitution protects United States citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures. Our forefathers recognized the harm and abuses that occurred in the colonies to innocent people by the British, and they made sure to write protections into the U. S. Constitution. Fearing the police state that any nation has the potential to become and recognizing that freedom and liberty is meaningless when victimization by the police is a real and foreboding threat the Fourth Amendment was created. The Fourth Amendment has gone through many challenges and controversies in the past, and currently the issue of how the Fourth Amendment applies to students in public schools has come to be contended in the courts. While it is apparent to me that the Fourth Amendment should be no less applicable in schools than in the general society these essential Constitutional protections have been under fire in recent years and many rights have been taken away from students. The Fourth Amendment of the Constitution states, "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmat ion, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized." No where in this law does it create special divisions or classifications between adults and minors in society, so one should naturally assume that persons under 18 should be afforded the same protections as anyone over 18. The moment when minors are most at the mercy of government officials is while in school, and this is when these Constitutional Fourth Amendment protections are needed. The largest and first assault on the rights of students to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures occurred in the case of New Jersey v. T.L.O. In 1980 at Piscataway High School in Middlesex County, N.J. a few girls were caught smoking in the bathroom. After being brought to the principals office one of the girls, T.L.O., denied that she had been smoking. The principal then searched her purse looking for cigarettes. After finding a pack of cigarettes the search continued until the principa l discovered evidence of drug dealing. This evidence was used to prosecute T.L.O. and ultimately she received a year of p... ...arteries a secret. This I find to be substantially suspect. While I do not argue that the student athletes have a lower expectation of privacy due to their situation in the locker rooms and activities undertaken together as a team, I do not believe that this expectation is nearly low enough to allow an invasion of ones own body for the purposes of a search. Clearly there is no way for anyone to have any indication of what chemicals are contained inside ones own blood by a casual glance or even a thorough study of the outside of ones body. The expectation of privacy regarding ones blood would be equivalent to the contents of a safe hidden and locked inside ones house. While this expectation of privacy is something to be respected it can still be violated by an individual suspicious of guilt accompanied by a probable cause and a search warrant. In that case the blood test or the opening of the safe would be justified in my opinion. But due to the nature of the randomness of this search it is obvious to me that it is unconstitutional and this court decision should be reversed. These two court cases are very important in the evolution of the Fourth Amendment in public schools.

Hackers :: Technology Hacking Essays

HackersWe are people who live among a society where obeying the laws is apart of our culture. Of course at that place will be people trying to break the rules and disrupt society for whatever reason. Crime is always a possibility just like in an online community or anywhere on the Internet in general. These criminals are known as Hackers because of their capabilities to steal or damage information on the Internet that can be very valuable like bank accounts or even top-secret government files. Capabilities like these must come from in-depth association of the information processing system and Internet. Which leads to the myth that anyone with computer intelligence or macrocosm a computer nerd, is a hacker. In the movie entitled Hackers, this stereotype is greatly promoted. Throughout the film, it seemed like almost every single person who used a computer was some sort of hacker. There were so many hackers portrayed, you even had good hackers, bad hackers, and really uncanny hack ers. Yet out of all the people Ive known in my life that know a lot about computers eat up never hacked anything before. The majority were youths which leads to other myth about hackers, they are considered outsiders and live troubled lives which causes them to screw with society. The earthly concern is most hacking is a lot like in this movie, purely to mess nigh in a way. Since being in a virtual world that has no physical contact, there is no immediate punishment and no cops there to chase you down with a baton. In the film it also seemed like some sort of cat and mouse, game between the hackers and feds, but in reality being hunted down by the FBI and sent to prison is not a light matter. It is also true that being hacker must have a sufficient amount of computer knowledge but even a Software God, like Bill Gates is not a hacker. So just because someone practically built a computer or knows everything about the Internet doesnt mean they are stealing off of it also. Thats lik e formula an auto-mechanic is going to commit Grand Theft Auto since that person knows a car like the back of their hand. In contrast, the same computer knowledge that is used to get around the Internet can also be used to protect it. Being fearful of hackers on the Internet is like being fearful of thieves in the real world.

Concepts Of Sight in Sophocles’ Play Oedipus Essay -- Sophocles Oedipu

Concepts Of Sight in Sophocles Play OedipusThe concept of sight is one of the major motifs throughout Sophocles reanimate Oedipus the King. The mould swans primarily around series of events caused by many bulks insight or lack there of. Oedipus does not see that he is caught up in a web of cruel destiny that he rear endnot escape. The gods demonstrate foresight and insight into the play. In addition to this, Tiresias has physical fraudness simply also has prophetic insight. Finally, both Oedipus and Jocasta portray types of mental blindness and shortsightedness. These are all examples of different uses of sight in the play Oedipus the King.Oedipus is a hero, but sometimes he can not see the reality of this. He goes into states where he lacks mental insight, making rash decisions without thinking about the future or consequences. virtuoso of his biggest downfalls because of this shortsightedness is that he does not realize that his destiny is solely in the hands of the gods. A fter Oedipus is told as a young boy about the prediction of his life, he can not see how he is destined to marry his mother and kill his father. Furthermore, because of his lack of insight he truly believes that he can move without the Oracles prophecy following him. No matter what Oedipus does, he has no control over what the gods have predetermined. The gods also punish the people of Thebes with hard times since it is these people who brought Oedipus into the land as their king. The gods do this in order to make the people see through Oedipus extreme pride and straightaway temper. The gods apparently think that the only way to get them to see what Oedipus has done is by causing the city pain and suffering. The gods use their insight to affect Oedipus life, family and city.Although the gods do not initially favor Oedipus, his kingdom sees him as a noble ruler. Oedipus pride prevents him from seeing the truth and this leads to his great fall. His pride forces him to kill his fathe r because he refuses to pay a toll and give up the right of way. Oedipus is so blinded by his pride that he can not accept the event that he can not avoid his fate placed upon him by the gods. It is because he is not perfect and has these tragical flaws that in the end makes him a tragic hero. The greatest of his flaws happens to be his excessive pride and self-righteousness. Had Oedipus not listened to his pride, ... ...has lost everything of importance his kingdom, his family, and his happiness. In the beginning of Oedipus the King, Oedipus is portrayed as an admired and respected ruler. By the end of the play, he has been stripped of his political power, has blinded himself, and has exited as a broken man.All these different uses of the concept of sight are found in Sophocles play Oedipus the King. Oedipus is noble in taking full responsibility for his troubled past, even though his troubles have been caused by Laius and Jocastas blind way of handling their problems. With a li ttle help from the gods, who did not hold Oedipus in favor, his blind choices and quick temper lead to his great fall. Even though Oedipus is not physically blind like Tiresias, he is blind to the actuality of the actions of his life. Because of this, it is ironic that Oedipus is morally blind when physically he can see. When Oedipus finally sees the truth, he realizes he is morally blind and then physically blinds his eyes. He realizes that his destiny is in the hands of the gods, and there was nothing he could do to change that. These are all different concepts of sight that revolve around the story of Oedipus.