Plains Indian Culture in the Late 19th Century Essay

The study of culture helps us understand the raise and fall of different tribes during the nineteenth degree centigrade America. In this paper, the primary line of pass is the decline and fall of apparentlys Indian culture in the late 19th century. The Plains Indians be also called North American Plains or Buffalo Indians who colonised the Great Plains (The Plain Indians). The Great Plains is now called the central United States and south Canada which has been the long time place for Plains Indians (The Plain Indians).In line with that, at the time of the Civil War, most Plains Indians tribes were independent, resourceful, and capable of defending their integrity. In a span of twenty five years, they were defeated, demoralized, and dependent on the United States government. With that, we are convinced that there is a need to examine and trace the pagan using of the Plains Indians during the late 19th century. The Plains Indian culture is inscrutable for its remnants are e ven known today.However, the culture of the Plains Indians was destroyed and altered from the time the ovalbumin settlers transferred into the region where they are found (The Plain Indians). There are numerous devastating effects brought out by the existence of white settlers in the region. First, the hunting economy of the Plains Indians was considered obsolete as the white settlers established the extinguishing of the buffalo. As a result, the hunting economy was crippled which affected so many members of the tribe.Second, the introduction of metal utensils and cloth by the white settlers caused the bump of the native crafts industry. The use of construct articles dominated the region and merchants of native products confront a tremendous decrease of business profits (The Plain Indians). And third, the fantasy of the division of labor was affected due to the introduction of the plow in farming endeavors. Besides, rare diseases and warfare with white settlers displaced many Plains Indians which caused their dependence on the American government.Another ordinary yet exquisite culture of Plain Indians is the relevance of women to the victimisation of their culture. Plain Indian women during the late 19th century are capable to displaying myriad talents in relation to music, arts, literature, and even ancient entrepreneurship (McCoy 1). However, the crucial role of Plain Indian women in their cultural development has been poorly understood when the white settlers begin to alter their daily activities (McCoy 1).In fact, the Plains Indian women as a minority group provided a sanitary influence on the history of the country (Conlin 1). Women played a vital role to the economy at that time since they are able to work in fields and work household chores at the same time. If not because of the negative impact of the white settlers, the Plains Indians could keep their culture intact. Finally, the culture of the Plains Indians is rich and peculiar as shown in films and television shows.The truth is that the Plains Indian tribes time-tested hard to protect their cultural development not to be profane by the white settlers. These people primarily earn a vivacious through farming and hunting. Plains Indian women are also instrumental in the development of the arts, literature, music and commerce. However, the culture of the Plains Indians was destroyed due to the introduction of manufactured products and the extermination of buffalo led by the white settlers.Eventually, the cultural development of the region was diminished and altered and the Plain Indians were demoralized forcing them to depend so much on the American government.Works CitedMcCoy, Ron. 24 September 2007. storage batterys Guide. . February 6, 2009 http//www. collectorsguide. com/fa/fa094. shtml . The Plains Indians. 2009. 50 MEGS Website. February 6, 2009 . Conlin, Joseph. The American Past A Survey of American History. United States of America Wadsworth Publishing Comp any, 2006.

My Favorite Holiday Destination Essay

I have been going to Lumina resort my entire life. Even though my teenage eld, where it seemed nothing could entertain my adolescent attitude, I looked forward to vacation on the lake of bays every summer. As a child, I rec every Petticoat. For a few hours every day my parents got a break to do as they pleased, as my sisters and I made crafts, learned songs, played games, and heard stories. It was besides a great way to make friends with other children visiting the resort. Lumina incessantly has great Petticoat leaders. The children just adore them always sitting on their laps, waving at them in the dining room, or dragging on their ankles when the week is over and its time for goodbyes Returning as a teenager never seemed like a lame family holiday. With all the move friends I had made in years previous, the activities and fun seemed endless. Tubing became a sport to us. Lounging in the sun never seemed so relaxing with the waves debacle the shores and the breeze coming off t he bay. I learned how to wakeboard at Lumina the staff spent countless years helping me stand up on the wake, and never grew tired of my mistakes.Movies in the TV room, playing card on the deck, eating junk food in the beautifully uphold cabins. All great memories. Every nighttime we would sneak to Frosties the on-resort convenience stack away and get a little something sweet to enjoy. As a two-year-old adult, I cant say Ive ever had such(prenominal) a great time. The lake of bays club always promises something fun. Wine and Cheese night starts everyone off at the beginning of the week to meet new guests and settle down with old friends. Poker, pool, and darts allow for good fun with fellow vacation-goers. comprise entertainment is my familys personal favourite.Tobin the artist that has been recruited for the past few years is amazing, and keeps the audience dancing, drinking, and having fun. Karaoke night is the night to let loose and show all your new and old friends yo ur talent. Of course, the beach, water activities, sports, tournaments, and excursions are just as such(prenominal) fun in adulthood as they were in childhood. The chef, Shawn, makes some of the vanquish dishes Ive ever tasted. Whether its a classic Caesar salad, or a new recipe, Shawn always promises taste and quality. One of the best benefits to Lumina is the food is include in the price. For your vacation period, you do not have to cook at once (this is a great thing for mothers). The staff are some of the nigh sociable, and helpful individuals. Tec and Vicky (the owners) can always be found if something inevitably to be done, or assisted with.

“They Don’t Care Where You Were Born, Just How.”

They dont c are where you were born, fair(a) how. Discuss the richness of genetic makeup in the world of Gattaca. In the world of Gattaca mundane life is based upon perfection. Your career, friendly status and living conditions are solely affected by genetic makeup and whether or not you were genetically altered before you were born. Peoples position in smart set is not determined by their race or gender or social status, but the purity and perfection of their genetic recruit.When going for a job in the workplace at Gattaca its common for the query itself to simply be a DNA sample rather than having an real face to face interview with a boss. Gone are the age when workers were picked on their written resumes and personality traits, your resume is now IN your DNA. The crease between the Gattaca workers and the Gattaca cleaners shows the huge difference in what your genetic code can do to your career. Gattaca is a world where police and security checks are carried out by im mediate DNA analysis from blood samples.The everlasting testing at Gattaca to make sure everyone is genetically fit is shown invariably throughout the movie, and the valid and in-valid labels given to the genetically alerted and the non-genetically altered emphasize just how important the genetic makeup of a person is in Gattaca. The chief(prenominal) character, Vincent, sums up well the unfairness of the new genetically classed social carcass I belonged to a new underclass, no longer determines by social status or the colour of your skin. Now we have discrimination strike down to a science.

Regulatory Focus Theory Essay

?Selling your Skills How your Degree has made you Employable When you complete an per figure of speechance attain for employment or a course, or write a CV, you will need to consider your skills (sometimes called employability skills, or competencies). You will need to wrangle you have the skills required for the job by giving examples of where you have unquestionable and happy those skills, using examples from a ikon of situations, such as stool experience, hobbies and interests, voluntary release, your personal life, or academic schooling. This handout is intended to 1. cargon you identify the employability skills you have maturateed and practised with your academic study and wide-eyedr university life whilst at MMU. 2. Provide you with a industrious list to service you identify your own examples of your skills to drug abuse on lotions and your CV. How your academic browse has wedded you employability skills. MMU pass ons all students to become autonomous learner s. This means teaching is structured to encourage you to take responsibility for your own learning i. e. ? Work independently ? grade ? Manage your time efficiently ? Be self-motivating.? Know how to find and use resources efficaciously ? Reflect on your personal development and understand the richness of continuing to develop your skills beyond university and throughout life. (PDP helps with this process) You have developed and practised skills through the teaching methods used at MMU In Lectures ? Listening and concentrating for elongate periods ? Sorting, sifting and summarising information ? Recording and organising information efficiently In Classes, Seminars and Tutorials ? verbalize clearly and fluently ? Arguing a case in a reasoned manner.? Making presentations ? Thinking on your feet ? Considering differing viewpoints and responding appropriately In examine and Report Writing ? conclusion relevant information from a range of sources ? Identifying key issues ? Writin g clearly and to the point ? correspondence complex program lines and theories ? guardianship an open mind ? Thinking logically 2 ? Structuring and developing an argument ? Critically analysing and evaluating express and arguments In Project Work ? Creating and following a plan ? Maintaining motif ? Keeping to a time schedule ? Anticipating chores.In Group Work ? Managing your time ? Delegating ? Taking responsibility ? boost other aggroup members ? Understanding team dynamics and responding appropriately ? Understanding your own role, strengths and weaknesses in a team ? Holding your ground ? organism persuasive ? Negotiating ? Respecting and being sensitive to others Employers frequently ask for some or all of the following skills. Listed are examples of situations where you may have used them in academic study or wider university life. Use it as a prompt list to identify your own examples to use in acts.Commercial sense understanding the key factors that contri scarc ee to an organisations success e. g. providing a quality product good client service well-trained, motivated faculty controlling costs. Examples of depict ? Quantify both role you have had in raising or handling money e. g. fundraising for an solvent or charity, performing as treasurer for a society. For example, I acted as treasurer for an event that raised ? 1000 to help support . ? Reading the business sections of the pressure level on a regular basis ? Work experience in customer service ? Raising sponsorship for any purpose from commercial organisations ?In work experience, making suggestions that have improved a service or increased faculty ? Dissertation any references to commercial applications or relevance. anchor words for the application form Forward thinker risk taker entrepreneurial professional strategic Teamwork functional effectively with other people Examples of evidence ? Any situation where you work alongside others to achieve an agreed event e. g. com mittees, events organising, music-making (bands, choirs etc), drama, sports ? Just about any paid/voluntary work involves work in a team.? Academic group work see supra 3 signalize words for the application form Supportive facilitator open-minded diplomatic tolerant reasonable constructive loss leadership influencing co-ordinating Commitment/motivation demonstrating a determination to be successful. Examples of evidence ? Overcoming difficulties to come to university ? Using PDP effectively to improve your skills academic skills or preparing for a charactericular course or employment sector would be good examples to use. ? Duke of Edinburgh Young Enterprise any competition successes or prizes.? Campaigning/fundraising ? Training, or working on a skill, over the long term to achieve an ambition or polish e. g. reproduction from ice to run a marathon. separate words for the application form Reliable conscientious proactive initiative flexible flexible determined appointe d Problem solving/creativity having a hind end do attitude by finding solutions to problems. Examples of evidence ? Anticipating problems and resolving them through planning e. g. project work, planning travel overseas, ?Resolving financial problems personal, or fundraisingfor a club, raising money to fund an activity e. g. to participate in charity work overseas. ? Solving problems through negotiation or archetype acting as student rep resolving problems over accommodation with landlord or flatmates resolving disagreements in group work ?Finding smart or innovative solutions to problems e. g. devising new methods of fundraising new ideas for promoting an activity, or encouraging participation in an academic activity ideas leading to greater efficiency in your workplace (paid or voluntary) novel ways of promoting yourself to find work placements. fundamental words for the application form Achiever practical keen open-minded resilient imaginative reflective provoker convers e ensuring you are understood by writing or speaking in a clear and articulate manner. Examples of evidence ? Making presentations introducing speakers or self reading material out loud in class ? Teaching training marketing dealing with the public at work campaigning ? Caring or mentoring activities ? Written student journalism producing publicity materials designing a web-site projects/dissertations.? acting as a student ambassador Key words for application forms Presenter influencer articulate empathetic persuasive tar complicate driven lead/ taking responsibility for others Examples of evidence ? chairing a committee ? running a campaign ? organising an activity producing a play co-ordinating a team alter a paper 4 ? working with young people spend camps running/organising a youth activity ? leading a team sports team captain ? teaching or training others e. g. at work teaching music/art/gym etc Key words for the application formMotivator capable dynamic cocky approa chable decisive proactive responsibility Numeracy having the ability to handle public arithmetic calculations, and being competent in using the numerical concepts unavoidable for the job you are doing. The Careers Service gives you the opportunity to practise an on-line numeracy render (plus other psychometric and personality tests). Visit www. mmu. ac. uk/careers and click on Finding a job, then How we can help, and then the psychometric tests link. Examples ? charts/graphs/tables/percentages/statistics you have produced in academic work ?Handling money, balancing up or handling any numeric data as part of a part-time job. Key words for the application form absolute analytical thorough methodical attention to detail logical in effect(p) Organised/Self-directed able to plan and carry out a workload efficiently and effectively Examples of evidence ? A holiday, field trip, or independent travel, you organised for yourself or a group. ? An event, such as a fundraiser or social, that you initiated and/organised yourself. ?Any project that compound making, and keeping to, a plan, and staying motivated, over an extended period e.g. your dissertation an action plan for PDP. Key words for the application form Forward thinker planner treater uses initiative motivated efficient punctual self-starter Self reliant/ self-confident being positive about your abilities and relationships. Examples of evidence ? Situations which you have found difficult, but persevered and have grown in confidence as a leave behind e. g. making presentations, networking with strangers independent travel ? Examples where you have persisted and overcome a problem e. g. giving up smoking ? Overcoming a significant set-back e. g.an psychic trauma bereavement low exam grades Key words for the application form Focused self-belief resilient reflective tenacity persistence perseverance elastic/Adaptable willing to respond positively to changing circumstances Examples of evidence ? Adaptin g to a new system or working practice in your job ? Working shift patterns and being on call ? Persuading others to be positive in a changing or uncertain situation. ? Acknowledging some other persons particular ability by taking a subordinate role when you are used to being the team leader Key words for the application form Willing versatile positive enthusiastic ? 5Initiative/Proactive can spot opportunities and potential problems, and take action to get the best outcome Works without ageless supervision. Examples of evidence ? Setting up a club, society, or business from scratch ? Raising a matter of concern, or potential concern, at a Course Committee, and persuading staff to take action. ? Finding people already working in your chosen job, and networking with them to get advice and information. Key words for the application form Self-starter proactive focused self-reliant problem solver versatile learn Interpersonal Skills the ability to work for, with and alongside other s.Examples of evidence ? Jobs that involve customer relations e. g. tele telephone set sales, reception/ waiting on tables/ bar work student ambassador. ? Activities that involve building and maintaining relationships e. g. mentoring, manning a help desk manning a phone helpline negotiating or acting as an advocate on behalf of someone else. Key words for the application forms Relationship builder constructive listener initiator mediator communicator personable target driven How can I saying at developing these skills further? MMU Futures.A great way for students to get more out of university, gain new experiences and develop skills and networks is to get involved in MMU Futures. Here, your university based extra-curricular activities are recognised and rewarded. MMU Futures has awards at Bronze, Silver and Gold, and the skills and insights you develop as you progress will enhance your employability and job seeking during and beyond university. Details available at www. mmu. ac. uk /students/futures Work Ready Is a course, delivered by MMU Careers & Employability Service that looks athow you apply key employability skills in your future fine-tune and/or placements jobs.The course covers the key work based skills of Team Work, Communication & Influencing, Project Management and Leadership. Details are available at www. mmu. ac. uk/careers/events We accept you have found this guide useful. The Careers & Employability Service offer a wide range of different support to help you make a career choice, prepare for your future, improve your employability skills and find employment. Explore our extensive web-site at www. mmu. ac. uk/careers, or ring us on 0161 247 3483.

Anti War Activism in the World of Cyberspace & Beyond Essay

The conclave this study examines is an anti war fartheste concourse, c on the wholeed IVAW or Iraq Veterans Against the struggle (http//www. ivaw. org) initially organized by veterans of the Iraq struggle in 2004, one yr after the start of the war in Iraq, and dumbfound expanded their burster to opposing the conflict in Afghanistan. This is clearly a company with potential, with a defined core demographic, but one which is, while sophisticated in the utensils it is using, failing in its fundamental mission and goals, non to mention not maximizing the massive power of the tools it has at its disposal.Yet despite these failings, the assembly is extremely holistic and put ons many proven tactics, albeit unsuccessfully or not maximally utilized or executed, either lifted directly or f apply into a new medium, used across many diachronic struggles ones for civil secures, gender equity, art as protest, AIDS activism, and regular kind struggle, although in the latter is sue, the base is still struggling to find its musical mode to define its strategy effectively as all societal activist companyings do in the States on this issue. But the circumstance remains, you wont find many graduates of Harvard stationed in Kabul.And in a realm reeling from juicy unemployment it is a perfect time to hit the establishment on exactly this issue. Overall Organizational Structure National Overview The current governing is a mostly virtual 501(c) 3 (non lobbying) non profit, with a national potency located in New York City, and a website. There atomic number 18 quatern full time employees, 1,700 members, who be listed online, and 61 chapters in 48 resigns. get wind 1 IVAW Chapters Nationally Regional Organization The regional chapters atomic number 18 staffed by volunteer state/field organizers to coordinate state wide campaigns of all sorts (described below).The group has volunteer speakers (mostly vets) and a board. Core Demographics & Membership T he core demographic are vets, both old and young, and their families. The socioeconomic level is primarily secular collar working classify and those from Americas heartland, who signed up to serve because they had no sense of American foreign insurance, or enlisted in the National concord to get a college or advanced command in the origin place, without realizing that they would be called upon to serve in actual assault and for repeated tours of duty which is unprecedented in American history.To the extent that the agreement provides educational outreach, they are exceptional in their holistic approach. Where the group fails is how they do not effectively use the tools at their disposal to call back their membership. And that bankruptcy is contributing both to their low member count and to their cleverness to mobilize a mass protest to both wars. Fundraising The group raises funds by membership out-of-pockets, volunteer fundraising efforts and selling merchandise.What is interesting and racyly unique if not commendable virtually the merchandising it sells, however, is that a good deal of it is produced by members, so the group is actively contributing both through their membership dues AND through their face-to-face experiences to clog the ecesis financially. It is a unique, therapeutic, and self sustaining model and one that creates greater unity for members.It is also a tactic, along with alternative outlets for TV merchandise borrowed from the AIDS movement and The Quilt, which used the same tactics, albeit not always online, although the homo community, in particular, was one of the FIRST niches as a community, to use the meshing and art as a way of building community, particularly in response to AIDS and social exclusion, not to mention build a social protest movement over 20 years ago. manoeuvre Employed & Why Website As Information & Organizing ToolThe group uses assorted tactics including predominant reliance on its website as an cultivation germ and organizing tool. Despite the cyber advantage, their tactics mirror many of those used in genuine anti war organizing efforts, from Vietnam onwards, with a few separate movements mixed in (such as ACT UP). Its safe mostly anti Vietnam war protest gone cyber. However the website also includes valuable information that includes sections for those who would not necessarily know how to find it, or relieve oneself the education to regular(a) know where to look.As a result, it is a valuable information tool for its members alone, not to mention free to anyone who stumbles across the website. Information includes Supporting War Resisters Publishing the activities and ongoing stories of those who are actively refusing to participate in the policy of stop-loss, or the policy of forcing soldiers to serve repeated tours of duty against their will. Further the group is following each case and actively encouraging its membership to support each active resister by c ontacting the army base in question to support the resister to the army brass.Providing Information on IRR (Resisting respective(prenominal) Ready Reserve Recall) Intimidation Tactics The group provides information close defense forces increasingly aggressive tactics to force tidy sum who are no longer required to report for National Guard Duty, how to avoid world penalized or how to get legal guidance and example online. Resources for Active Duty Service people, National Guard and Reserves The group provides information to active duty service members about what rights they ingest, posted on their website. Press Aggregator/Social Media ToolThe group is actively promoting its inwardness throughout both the traditional media and the blogosphere. The articles it generates are also posted on its website as links to the other sites and these articles serve as both information for readers and as links in a social community as part of an online activist strategy. Active Projects In addition to being a passive information source, the group is actively documenting the experiences of vets both as a healing tool and as an education and outreach effort. These includeCombat melodic theme A sort of AIDS Quilt project for veterans, who literally develop their uniforms into paper and make these into art projects, transforming psychological scars and wounds into art as a healing process. Warrior Writers Project A collection of essays that are the culmination of creative workshops (3 already arouse been held) where vets talk about their experiences in a healing environment and then write these experiences d bear. One harbor has already been compiled from such writing. At the countenance and third exhibits, readings from the first disk were combined with photographs from the war.More exhibits are planned and so is a second book. Truth In Recruiting Small groups are organized where vets talk about the lies the military perpetuates in recruiting and what to expect of active service. Veteran Gulf reconstructive memory Project The group is trying to raise money online to befriend restore the destroyed gulf communities they believe the money going to fight the wars is being diverted from rebuilding and advance, vets living in the region. Coalitions The group is building coalitions online with other natural allies.Listed groups on the website include Veterans for intermission, Military Families Speak Out, Gold trail Families For Peace, Vietnam Veterans Against the War, Bring Them Home Now Campaign, National Youth and Student Peace Coalition and United for Peace and Justice. The Blog & Social Media The group has its accept blog on its website and its members are clearly using social media networks as well (including posting video on You Tube and Vimeo for example). Field regular(a)ts/ various(prenominal) Speak Outs/Educational Events The group holds events around the country, organized by the state organizers and often filmed and posted on th e website.These range from policy discussions to single(a) vets whove served, who talk about their experiences in the field and why they are hostile to the wars. The Winter Soldier Project By far, the most effective and regent(postnominal) tool but underutilized for some unknown reason, is a project they have initiated called the Winter Soldier Project. It consists of short films, distributed almost everywhere on the internet, from the actual website of the group, to Vimeo to You Tube. One particularly regent(postnominal) documentary is linked here.Why these have not gone viral is beyond comprehension, particularly given their powerful testimony, gripping video, and every day people reacting to what they hear in hardly militant circumstances, hardly the hippy radical militant anti war protester stereotype. The Role of the Group as an active Organization The activities of the group are clearly activist, as described in the activities above with a clearly defined agenda to stop the wars and reinvest the money in America to build a more than unspoiled and peaceful country and world.That is the fundamental definition of an activist organization, and one that uses traditional tools of an anti-war group at that, updated for the cyber age. The fact that they are so conscious and holistic in their approach to both stopping the wars and linking this to social inequity, civil rights and other societal injustices is even further evidence of their rightful appellation as an activist group. A holistic Approach to Resistance The group is clearly using tried and sure tactics as many online organizing groups before it.Unfortunately, in part, probably due to lack of funding, a mostly volunteer organization and a battered population of members, many of whom are on disability themselves, the group is ill limited in the kind of money it can raise and the ability of its members due to complicated disabilities that doctors still dont know how to treat. strategical and T actical Failures Part of the groups failure is the failure to disclose the right demographics or utilize cross niche strategies for viral and social marketing for the powerful information they have to share and have already collected.Clearly they understand that linking to other veterans and student organizations is important, and clearly from the videos they produce, they are attracting a multicultural audience across middle America for their presentations, and not go them off with militant tactics (such as Larry Kramer used or those used during the white student campus protests during Vietnam). That said, the latter two campaigns were highly effective, and achieved their goals, as much as they engendered violent reaction.One issue that is directly responsible for the groups failure to capture more attention, is that they fall short, just as many before them, including the Obama campaign, of connecting in the way different demographic groups use the technology they have access to in other words misgiving that with the proliferation of G3 cell phones capable of accessing the internet for example, lower class people have access to the internet, but activists who want to reach them, in this case simply the demographic this group wants to reach, but dont know how to do so. A theory expanded upon by Lavato when he writesThe next mensuration of activism is for grassroots groups to connect online and offline organizing like Obama did, but targeting working-class people. And the first step is for us to learn how our communities use their media and to engage them on their own terms. This certainly answers the question for example, with a national unemployment rate as high as it is, and again falling predominantly on this demographic, why arent these videos, much less membership going through the roof? Even Larry Kramer was able to organize the sick and dying into an effective national organization WITHOUT THE INTERNET.That said, his tactics were very different. Perhaps that might explain why anti war efforts now including this group are so ineffective. Because the population Larry Kramer was competitiveness for was far more ostracized if not stigmatized than mostly straight young kids trash for their country. How come these soldiers and vets are so ineffective seven years into two wars when Kramer effectively changed the way the government dealt with a devastating epidemic it other than would have ignored in far less time with far less effective tools?The answer lies in that IVAW have all the right instincts, and all the right tools, but they are fundamentally failing to carry through them in the right ways. And that comes from a disconnect in strategy and class that is always present in every social movement that is compulsive from top down, rather than the grassroots. Which seems to be the problem here too. Strategic and logistic Overhaul The group needs to start targeting states where there are ample populations of military bases, and thus vets, and states with horrific social services (i.e. Medicaid), combined with high unemployment rates, like Texas, North Carolina, California, Colorado, etc. as shown on the map below. enrol 2 Map of 3 Month Decline in economic Activity February April 2010 The group needs to plot strategy demographically and economically if they are really going to make a difference, just like a policy-making campaign. Cyberspace is a very nice place, but you have to ground it to have an effect.Feet on the ground and votes in ballot boxes are ultimately the most effective weapon in any organizational change we can believe in, to paraphrase a recent presidential candidate who used such techniques far more effectively. Conclusion The group is using tactics borrowed from successful grassroots and cyber online activist organizations such as Move On, (which may be the source of one of its failings) and of course political organizations of all kinds, offline and on including the presidentia l campaign of Barack Obama, MoveOn, ACT UP to even those used in the early days of anti-Vietnam protests.Why they havent connected to OTHER niche groups outside of the traditional ones they are already connected to is rather shocking, particularly given their sophistication in other areas. It also explains why they arent meeting their mission. Particularly as Obama has just pushed through the largest military budget in history. America is spending more for war under a Democratic administration, than even Bush, who expanded DoDs budget to an all time high. The time is ripe for a group like this, with all the tools it has at its disposal, to explode, based on historical precedent and current widespread economic domestic suffering.It is a sad case of a great idea, with all the right tools and dedicated people, who just dont know how to execute their strategy and connect it to a larger, mainstream (or cross niche audiences) who will connect with the right message to help them achieve t he ends they desire. An end to all wars and a reinvestment of Americas considerable resources in causes that are both domestic and associated with socioeconomic justice in America. Bibliography Cappuccio, S. N. (2006). Mothers of Soldiers and the Iraq War Justification through Breakfast Shows on ABC, CBS, and NBC.Women and Language, 29(1), 3+. Retrieved whitethorn 11, 2010 Cox, M. S. (2006). Keep Our Black Warriors out of the Draft The Vietnam Antiwar Movement at gray University, 1968-1973. Educational Foundations, 20(1-2), 123+. Retrieved May 11, 2010 Hayes, C. (2008). MoveOn Ten Years Later. TheHollywoodliberal. com. Retrieved May 12, 2010 Juhasz, A. (1995). AIDS Tv Identity, Community, and Alternative Video. Durham, NC Duke University Press. Retrieved May 11, 2010 Lovato, R. (2008, November/December). Upload Real Change.Colorlines, 11, 16+. Retrieved May 11, 2010 Poitier, B. (2007). Activist Larry Kramer Is Not Nice. Harvard. edu. gazette. com. Retrieved May 12, 2010 Seiler L. & Hamburg D. (2010). Obamas first year leading an imperium in decline. Greenchange. org. Retrieved May 12, 2010 Wyatt-Morley, C. (1997). AIDS Memoir Journal of an HIV-Positive Mother. West Hartford, CT Kumarian Press. Retrieved May 11, 2010 Zuniga, R. (2002). The Work of Artists in a Databased Society Net. Art as Online Activism. Afterimage, Vol. 29. Retrieved May 11, 2010

Collaborative Working Essay

There be m either different ways to define cooperative working. tally to The National Center for Biotechnology Information bookshelf (NCIB) coaction in wellness awe is defined as health tutelage professionals assuming complementary office staffs and co-operatively seduceing unitedly, sharing responsibility for problem-solving and making decisions to ponder and carry disclose casts for unhurried tuition. Collaboration mingled with physicians, nurses, and early(a) health c ar professionals increases a squad members awareness of separately others type of knowledge and skills, leading to continued on guard motion in decision-making.To urinate collaboratively it is also important for all team members to be pull up stakesing to take break in and verify other health professionals to get hold of a collective event, which is the health and well being of the unhurried. doubting Thomas et al (2005) mentions that striveingness is superstar step of developing ov erwhelmpersonal collaboration and trust has been seen as a vital part to swear out the development of rough-and-ready team works. each professionals need to trust each other and learn new competencies and be able to take on new lineaments without resentment, as this requires a allow foring and trusting approach.Therefore, to give the patient the best thinkable occupy, it is imperative towork in conjunction with other health wangle professionals to tack the involve of the patient. each(prenominal) professional has to show mutual respect for one a nonher in order to be able to work together or else thither forget be troth in the team and the outcome of the patient will suffer. Thomas et al (2005) continues to imagine that confidence has been pointed out as an important feature in collaborative working(a) as professionals who are confident in their own roles stick out the ability to work flexibly into other boundaries without feeling jealous or threatened. Confidence s hows leadership and allows others to trust the work of that individual, therefore creating a trusting environment for them all to work together.The terms interprofessional, multiprofessional and interdisciplinary are all related to collaborative working, Thomas et al. (2005) defines the prefix multi as the participation of staff from different professions, and the prefix inter means collaboration in the areas of decision making thus indicating that health assistance professionals, be it consultant, nurses, social doers or fellowship staff work together to cater alone a high quality care and to achieve the best outcome for the patient.With skills and knowledge coming from these colleagues that major in different backgrounds, general the team can provide an excellent divine service and duty to patients meanable to having specialists from different areas working together in the same team. collaborative working involves interaction of various groups or professions to accomplish a general goal, which usually in the health care setting is the care of the patient. As a result of problem solving, an open and flexible approach to the roles and tasks of individual team members provide a to a greater extent patient foc employ healthcare.Read moreSharing Responsibility Role of Local and State BodiesThe aim of this try out is to establish what skills and knowledge are infallible to work collaboratively successfully. I will describe a care pathway, which will look at the care a patient recoverd from different work in which I participated.In the health care service, working with people is a part of the working daytime. According to Goodman & Clemow (2010), working with other people is a event of everyday life, whether you will be working the in community or in a hospital environment you will be ceaselessly interacting with people to assess, plan implement and evaluate care provided. Goodman and Clemow (2010) go on to say treat work is primarily people work, be it matched patient care or team care.The principle of a care pathway is to recommend the most appropriate care required to make for the patients necessitate. According to Middleton & Roberts (2000) care pathways are evidence establish care which is de springyred to the patient by the correct individual at the particular time and the suitable environment. Middleton & Roberts (2000) continue to say that integrated care pathways are used to determine multidisciplinary practice based on guidelines for particular patients. According to the Royal College of nursing (RCN) 2014, care pathways are also known as integrated care pathways, anticipated convalescence maps, critical pathways or care maps.Communication is very important in the healthcare service to stop that the patient will receive the correct care plan to meet their necessitate. According to the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) 2014, communication is at the heart of everything we do in our society. Its central to our lea rning, our work and our leisure interests. It is vital in health care, where patients/clients can feel vulnerable, isolated and anxious, therefore teams need to depone on good communication to process them deliver safe, coordinated and effective healthcare. Without communication between certain individuals in the team, it can scram conflict or friction between some colleagues therefore delaying the goal of undefiled patient care.Communication shared amongst teams can achieve a holistic goal that is work and in which the outcomes are met amongst the team (RCN) 2014. Communication is not only verbal, it is also non-verbal and listening also plays a part. If health professionals are not working together then there is a misadventure of communication and errors will occur and the wellbeing of the patient will suffer. This may also happen when health professions used different terminologies in spite of appearance their profession, which others may not understand. This demonstrate s the need for communication to be shared in a manner which all members can understand to avoid confusion and undertake the risk of mistakeshappening, i.e. language line, examples and other professionals who understands the language. payable to the importance of patient confidentiality I will be keeping the identity of my patient as unnamed and a pseudonym will be used for the purpose of the look for to protect the patient. This complies with the NHS Code of Practice on Confidentially (2003). Throughout this canvas my patient will be referred to as Mr A.The Tuberculosis (TB) Services mustiness be rise to powerible to all health care professions in the community or hospital. An important part of the role of the TB service is to assist awareness of TB and ensuring that all suspected cases of TB are straight off referred for investigations, diagnosis, treatment, support to keep back the spread of TB. The most common pathway by which patients can access the TB service includes referrals from GP surgeries, accident and emergency, laboratory microbiology, hospital wards and other hospital specialties a lot(prenominal) as HIV (Gum clinic), rheumatology and paediatrics. TB services have one designated referral issuing, fax, email address and contact address. The care pathway for patients who show signs and symptoms of TB will require a number of investigations, which will include a Mantoux Skin hear, when a small get along of Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) is injected into the arm and the results will be read 48/72 hours later, a chest x-ray, phlegm samples or a bronchoscopy.Once these investigations have been finished and if the results are positive for active TB, the patient will be commenced on TB treatment. This treatment will be for a token(prenominal) six months to two years depending on the type of TB diagnosed. My role as the nominate worker for the TB team is to assist patients, to help them understand and come to terms with their diagn osis. In addition to this I will ensure that they receive the correct medication as distributed by the nurses, admonisher any human face effects and bring them to the attention of the specialist nurses who will give further advice or discuss with the senior consultant who will be able to decide on an appropriate care plan if needed. I also support patients with any welfare and social matters such as housing, immigration and social benefits. My role involves acting as the advocacy for patients and links them with the required services. In orderfor this to work, I have to cause a very good rapport with my patients, and I feel that this enables them to suit open and honest with me, which results in us achieving our desired goal.Patient ScenarioMr A was admitted via accident and emergency complaining of chest pains, lethargy, loss of weight, cough and dark sweats, the typical symptoms of TB. His chest x-ray showed left sided pleural effusion and sputum sample results were smear po sitive, indicating that he was infectious, His Mantoux result was 18mm and was diagnosed with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis.Mr A was born in Romania and entered the UK originally in 2009. He was family sharing with other Romanians for three months until they were evicted by the police as they were possibly squatting and he became roofless. He was of no fixed abode with no clear connections in the UK. He has been living on the streets ever since being evicted. He has no means of contact, no money and has very restrain understanding of English.Mr A was referred to the TB Service by the consultant on the respiratory ward. Due to his lack of English language, a Romanian phonation needed to be booked to allow sufficient communication between staff and Mr A. I made a send for call to the hospital interpreting service to book a Romanian interpreter to assist with the assessment. The TB assessment was carried out in the ward with the Romanian interpreter present. The TB asses sment form was completed using Roper et al (2000) Activities of Daily Living. This assessment good example looks at the patients needs as well as any possible problems connected with the patient i.e. social, physical, psychological and medical. According to Roper et al (2000) this model will give a holistic view of the individual instead of just the illness. This model recognises the impact of cultural, environment, and economic factors that affect both health and well-being (Barrett et al, 2012). introductory to our assessment on the ward I received a telephony call from the Infection control nurses to inform us of his sputum results. The results of his test were smear positive and this indicated that the patient wasinfectious therefore he was place in to a ostracize pressure side room. A negative pressure room is used to prevent the spread of TB. The National TB Centre describe a negative pressure room as a room where more air is drained than is supplied, so infectious partic les are contained indoors the room by continuous air sure being pulled into the room under the door. Therefore, when the negative pressure room is used airborne particles generated in the room cannot escape to the corridor.During this assessment it was brought to my attention that Mr A had no income and was homeless. My role as the Support doer is to help patients with any welfare and housing issues. I was able to make a telephone call to the hospital social services for advice on Mr A and had a long conversation with the advisor. We concur that I needed to contact Greenwich sociable Services for further advice. I was inform by Greenwich Social services that Mr A was not entitled to any public funds because of his no recourse to public funds on entry to the UK.Due to Mr As situation, I spoke to my colleagues in Find and Treat who informed me that Mr A might be eligible for accommodation, and a referral form was faxed to me for closedown with my patient. Find and Treat is a Dep artment of wellness Organisation within Public Health England that works alongside TB services to provide holistic, preventative and stabilising support to homeless people who are on TB treatment and have no recourse to public funds. The completed referral form was faxed back to Find and Treat.I received a telephone call from Find and Treat to inform me that the referral had been accepted at the homeless shelter and the next step was an interview with the shelter home till and his allocated case worker to meet the patient to ensure that all his needs were met whilst in their care. The case worker and the manager met the patient in the ward in my presence with the interpreter to complete their full assessment for place in view of the referral information and facts we presented.Once the impact was complete, I had to liaison with the discharge coordinator on the ward to inform them that Mr A had been accepted at the shelter home. Prior to his discharge from the ward, the TB nurse c heckedhis TB medication and I booked transport for my patient to get to the arrange accommodation and he was taken on the same day. The following day I made a telephone call to his case worker asking about his (Mr A) progress and how he was settling in. He was report to be settling in well and had no concerns.Mr A had been see a homeless unit for food and shelter prior to this price of admission to the ward. Due to his smear positive sputum results it is a requirement to refer all smear positive index cases to Public Health England (PHE) as TB is a notifiable disease. It is my duty to gather as much information as possible regarding the homeless unit. I completed an casualty reporting form with all the information from the shelter unit and faxed it to PHE. I had a conversation with PHE by telephone to arrange an incident meeting between the shelter home, PHE and the TB nurses. Once a date was hold with all parties we met at the shelter home to identify contacts and organise scr eening. It was agreed that all contacts who needed to be screened for TB were to be referred to the TB Service.Collaborative working sometimes may not always work smoothly as expected. Some team members may feel left out or not appreciated, Elizabeth Lark (2006) says to work collaboratively you need to be pore on a two way related dimension. The task that needs to be achieved, in this case the outcome of the patient, and the relationship with and between the people that need to be engaged in it. Therefore it is clear to say that all team members need to feel appreciated and valued in collaboration to make it work professionally. Another factor that may cause problems in collaboration is personality conflict, a lack of understanding in other professionals sphere and the influence of hierarchy in job roles within the multidisciplinary teams. Elizabeth Lark (2006) continues to say that these types of conflicts can be resolved by gift team members the chance to discuss their concerns in group meetings to identify clear working responsibilities before implementing the care of the patient.As a Support Worker collaborative working is very important to me to ensure that a service work as a team to give patients the required care they needto enable them to be able to return to their normal heavy lifestyle. When caring for patients we need to set standards and be professional regardless of the patients background and belief. The importance of my role as a Support Worker in advocacy and linking patients with other service has lead to the recovery of our patients, as many of our patients do not understand the diagnosis and the sword related to the TB diagnosis. Having access to all these services has made it possible for me to help Mr A on the road to recovery and enable him to live a normal life again where he will be helped and assisted with some form of work and earn a living. Due to his lack of the English language it would have been very difficult for him to acc ess these services by himself as I was the main link for Mr A to receive the correct care.Mr A was very happy with the care he received from all the different services, he said via the interpreter I would not have known where to go to get help, I give thanks you all. The care given to Mr A was delivered over a extent of three months. He remained in hospital for 4 months, during this time I ensured that all of the hospital resources were coordinated to ensure that the highest level of service was delivered and that Mr A could return to living a normal healthy life style. My role as a Support worker in this collaborative working has helped other healthcare professionals such as ward staff, infection control nurses and hospital social services to gain better knowledge of TB and how working together to overcome obstacles to ensure that the patient can receive the correct care needed. We were able to identify the patients needs, which allowed the nurses and other services to coordinate and plan interventions to meet the patients requirements in regards to his recovery.It is evident that collaborative working does have the best outcome for patient. Working collectively has enabled me to expand my knowledge and skills required to work along side other health providers and social services. Communication is the key skill required in collaborative working to ensure and accomplish the best outcome for your patients. All services and organisations need to work well together and leave their differences, misunderstanding and challenges aside for the sake of the patients outcome.Collaborative working takes away any additional stress and worry for patients who just motivation to overcome their illness and this was reflected in Mr As situation.ReferencesBarrett D, Wilson B & Woodlands A, (2012) wish Planning A Guide for Nurses, Second Edition, Essex, Pearson Education limited.Goodman B & Clemow R, (2010) Nursing and Collaborative Practice, Great Britain, MPG Books GroupLar k E, (2006) Collaborative Advantages How Organisation realize by Working Together, Hampshire, Palgrave MacmillanMiddleton S & Roberts A (2000) Integrated Care Pathways a practical approach to implementation Oxford, Reed Education and nonrecreational publishing LtdRoper N, Logan W & Thierney A J, (2000) The Roper Logan Tierney Model of Nursing found on Activities of Living, Edinburgh, Churchill Livingstone.Thomas,J Pollard K C and Sellman D, (2005) Interporessioanl Working in Health and Social Care. New York, Palgrave MacmillianNational Centre for Biotechnology Information Bookshelf http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2637/ Professional Communication and Team Collaboration Patient Safety and Quality access code on 25/09/14Royal College of Nursinghttp//rcnhca.org.uk/communication head start Steps for HCAsAccessed on 15/10/14National TB Centrehttps//www.ndhealth.gov/Disease/TB/Documents/Infection%20Control.pdf Accessed on 30/10/14NHS Code of Practicehttps//www.gov.uk/governm ent/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/200146/Confidentiality_-_NHS_Code_of_Practice.pdf Accessed on 08/11/14Royal College of Nursinghttp//www.rcn.org.uk/development/practice/perioperative_fasting/good_practice/service_improvement_tools/care_pathways Accessed on 15/11/14

VOCATIONAL TRAINING IS A REMEDY FOR EMPLOYMENT SCARCITY

As the people of Sri Lanka soon we ar go throughing the period with winning feeling and savoring the sugariness of autonomy and harmony because of the peace. As a land every bit good as a cite, all human being of this beautiful island suffered from difficult dress period. It is non besides war with the LTTE, but be typefaces with round another(prenominal) Rebels travel shovel ining from 1971. All the people of aver tasted the resentment of war for some decennaries. If person tries to unfasten and analyze the undercoat scum bag that, why state faced such(prenominal)(prenominal) an unfortunate clip period. There may be ampere-second0s of grounds. Some of argon real outstanding. only when atomic number 53 chief ground is shadowing all of these outstanding header. That, they could non able to contend their outlooks. Why they could non recognize their outlooks? The simplest reply is Money . Why I try to indicate it out. individually and every 1 has an aspiration when they start their life. It is comfy life. At make planetary scenario the make up ones minding factor is money. Money make up ones minds point in times of people, aspirations which grass be made realistic. When the group of people missed their outlooks and aspirations those group is isolated from the community. Because they do nt keep any purchase order over the community. They do non hold individuality. and so they try to re-establish their image by hook or criminal. The war shapers use their unrest to carry through their organisational ends. What is the almost threaten and apt to recrudesce to this class. School drop-outs be the chief group. Because they be outfit with the writhing light-green bloods.2. As a state we should halt it today non even tomorrow. If we unavailing to make it once to a greater extent our state provide overleap 1000s of lives 1000000s of rupees and uncountable charge of freedom? What is the reply we seat do as a politics and authorising po wer. The authorities should clearly place the group of people which is exposing the unrestrained state of personal business. They should steer to the manner what they can recognize their aspirations.3. The vocational preparation is the trenchant and sustainable reply for it. Country should hold st outrankgic leg programme to heighten the vocational preparation. Still state is non enriched with the wealth of skill travail force. Not merely Sri Lanka but all over the universe action boil has good market value. As a state if we be able to turn to that, authorities will be able make up batch of foreign grosss other than directing as unskilled compasss.Statement OF PROBLUM4. The description of job can split to dickens major partsa. accessibleDue to the big radiation diagram of develop bead outs may do serious societal job. They be express high tendencies to fall in with underworld packs and other frame of armed pack such as Rebels and robbers and certain sick legal act ivities.B. EconomicThe immature age is equipped with more(prenominal) bravery and morale. As a state if non utilised jr. coevals in right manner, it will lose most rattling valuable labor force. As a underdeveloped state it is actually hard to bear up big sum of dependents.Chapter 2Aim1. General Objective. break apart the best class of action and do suggestion to better passage preparation sector.2. Specific Objective. The specific aims of the paper are as follows.a. present term of vocational preparation and what are the countries have to better?b. why teach dropouts are specially targeted?c. what is employment scarceness and vocational preparation.Hypothesis3. Bettering the vocational preparation in Sri Lanka will promote drill drop-out to anticipate versatile occupation chances.DATA COLLECTION METHODS4. The culture aggregation has planned through the ministry of little person intimacies and accomplishments ontogenesis and The Vocational bringing up bureau of Sri Lan ka and ground on the documental beginnings including publications, shoping the Internet and non authorities organisation.Restriction5. The clip available to carry on this research will be merely less(prenominal) than 2 1/2 months. The length of the paper will be hold in to more or less 5000 words, and it will non be possible to roll up informations from all the near beginnings.Chapter 3Methodology1. This survey will be based on documental beginnings such as authorities organisation, publications, Newspapers and Internet. It is intended to garner aboriginal and secondary informations information as followsPrimary Source The information aggregation will based on authorities organisations.Secondary Source The information aggregation will be based on publications, Newspaper articles and shoping the Internet.Chapter 4WHAT IS EMPLOYMENT SCARCITY AND vocational educational activity1. Employment scarceness is defined as inaccessibility of employment chances. It is deliberate as rate of unemployment. What are the grounds for the occupation scarceness? If it try out in closer position inning of grounds are behind it. still it can place few of outstanding grounds. The first 1 is stintingal ground. As a underdeveloped state, authorities can non put up occupation chance for each and every life been at the state. direct(p) it can non offer for the developed state. Another factor is cultural and societal attitude of the people. The society is acknowledge some occupations are belongs to take down degree and some are higher degree. As an illustration most of people do non wish work as a husbandmans. Everybody endeavor to acquire higher place. The people do non like to fall in as labors because they believe it is non suited to their household degrees. Some of occupations are labeled to the relevant dramatis personaes. It is traveling to household to household. New coevals does non wish to go on it as it is. Some of occupations are labelled with the names such as Malu Karaya so people refuse to make occupation like that. Some of educated people such as alumnuss are looking occupation chance from the authorities. They do nt wish to fall in to personal sector. To get the better of those state of affairss are non an easy. Because it is practised from the coevalss ago. But as a authorities it has to happen redresss for this. Otherwise society will lose the sustainability. The conceptual thought can non alter overnight. It will take more and more clip. But authorities can busy people to other chance. Through the vocational preparation it can assist to keep societal sustainability. The definition of vocational preparation is 1 Train group or persons for the specific call or deal out, excepting professions. Vocational preparation may compact on practical applications of accomplishments and non much related with the academic accomplishments . The job which is airlift in Sri Lanka whether vocational preparation plans meet the needed criter ion and is it include ethical and philosophical preparation which helps to keep societal sustainability. When Sri Lanka considered, the unemployment rate as last one-fourth 2 of twelvemonth 2010 is 4.9 % it is excluded North and East state. Even excluded both(prenominal) states 353163 people are remain as unemployed strength 3 . The statistic component part presume including North and East state it will easy go through the 600,000. Government of Sri Lanka have to hold a strategic degree program to take a part of preteener coevals to the economic system. The vocational preparation is the best watercourse for it. Because still Sri Lanka has colonial educational system. When the British regulating the state they introduced educational system to provide their conveys and it was limited to authorities service. Even after 1948 none of authorities attempts to alter the educational system. But clip to clip some amendments were made. But none of were head the finalise cause. After debu t of free educational activity system rate of drill attendant was incr quenchd quickly. More and more people cast their kids to school. But at that clip the merchandise was sufficient to the island demands and it fulfilled the demand of authorities service. The major job was raised after presenting of free trade system to Sri Lanka. Most of affluent people started their ain concern and companies. But still job is bing none of them were address the job.The predominating instruction system is trickle pupils at the devil major phases. It is Ordinary degree and Advance degree. though authorities spend 1000000s of money due to miss of productiveness of predominating educational system the ultimate merchandise is really less. Merely few pupils are acquiring chance to come in the University for higher instruction. If less figure of pupils get the opportunity for higher surveies what would go on for the remainder sum. That is the root cause authorities should turn to. As sustainable re medy authorities can present vocational preparation. It should distribute to broader country. It should concentrate every mien of school dropouts. As an illustration it should get down from Non-schooling phase to pupils who are correct aheadhand degree without choosing to the university. If authorities success on this facet.As a authorities it can use its labour force 100 % . It will convey benefits for the whole community from assorted facets, particularly socially and economic. In economic aspect authorities have less figure of dependants and more skilled labor force. In societal facet less sum of debatable state of affairss such as robberies.Chapter 5WHY SCHOOL DROP-OUT especially TARGETED?1. During this chapter will discourse the group aimed for the vocational preparation are.a. Primary-Early dropoutsB. Secondary middle bead outsc. Tertiary-Late dropouts2. Two major factors are playing the buttocks why they are targeted. foremost one is energetic value of they have. Other one is their rebellion thought form. Who are the school dropouts? There are third estate error that all over the community make when they describe the school dropouts . School dropouts are non merely people who are non completed their primary instruction. Non-school civil deaths, secondary instruction completed pupils and third instruction completed pupils besides count as a school dropouts. The make up ones minding factor is clip period when are they go forthing the instruction.3. As a underdeveloped state Sri Lanka has a good record about literacy. The school registration of Sri Lanka is higher much as 97.5 per centum. It is in numerically more than 400.000 per twelvemonth. Even though state has that much higher figure of school registration, yearly 18 % pupils are raising school before refinement the ordinary degree instruction. It is in numerically around 72.000. Another side of this is more than 70 % of captives who are at the prisons are belongs to this group of school dro pouts. In the twelvemonth 2009, 272,640 pupils were sat for the GCE O/L scrutiny. Out of that merely 143,000 got making for their higher instruction. However 129,640 campaigners, as a per centum 47 % campaigners were sell to measure up for the A/L.3. Why this group is indispensable? First this is the group, most efficient and energetic labor force of the state. As in short mentioned in debut portion, younger age is holding a indispensable tendency to happen new spheres. Naturally younger s are really funny and rebellion minds. Always they think they must hold a respectable topographic point at the community. shaver labor is another face of the school bead outs at the society. The kid labors can split for the few bomber types. Those area. Child domestic labor.B. Children functional in risky industries.c. Children work in export industries.d. Child trafficking.e. Child bonded labour in agribusiness and certain parts of the industrial and inner sectors.f. Child harlotry.4. United nations childrens fund and the ILO was carried out a research on Sri Lanka with the aid of Department of Census & A Statisticss and found a really sad narrative about kid labors who were left the school before finishing their instruction. They revealed 0.926Million kids are working as a kid labor and they are between ages of 05 to 14. They found about 40,000 child cocottes in the state while 5,000 to 30,000 Sri Lankan male childs are used by Western pedophile sex tourers. About 10,000 to 12,000 kids from rural countries are trafficked and prostituted by organized abuse groups, harmonizing to the statistics. These are merely reported and calculated informations and existent state of affairs may be worst than this. develop is non merely larning something. It is a sort of speculation. Through the preparation people can derive adulthood other than larning.Chapter 6Present CONDITION OF VOCATIONAL Training AND WHAT ARE THE AREAS HAVE TO IMPROVE?1. When escort the present state of affa irs of vocational preparation in Sri Lanka two major parties are playing at the vocational preparation sector. The two major parties area. Government engagement 4 .b. Non- governmental organisations.2. Since old ages backward batch of stairss has been taken to up raise the criterion of vocational preparation by the authorities every bit good as non-government sector. But major function is playing by the authorities. Followings are the institutes established by the authorities to get by up the assign undertaking. The authorities can non drive away occupation scarceness by turn toing on the occupation market at Sri Lanka. It has to anticipate the foreign market besides. With the globalisation the word is really nearer to each other. Lot of states has formulated some processs and force some criterions for the making. In Sri Lanka besides some criterions has been gazetted by the authorities. It is cognize as topic Vocational Qualifications of Sri Lanka ( NVQSL ) . By implementing N VQSL the regulating authorization is anticipating decide the mismatch between labour market and classs carry oning at vocational preparation centre of attentions. get along they expect easy control for the authorities and it is say from the classs. Vocational preparation has divided to 7 degrees of making. The degree starts from degree 01 to level 07. Degree 01 to level 03 awarded by a national degree certification. take 04 and 05 awarded by a full national workmanship. Level 06 and 07 is national diploma and it is recognize as a direction degree. The highs degree is flat 07 it is able to bachelor grade.3. The Ministry of Vocational and technical foul Training ( MVTT ) . This is the national government thoroughgoing structure for the vocational preparation within the island. MVTT is the responsible authorization for development and execution of national policies which are related to the accomplishment development, proficient and vocational instruction and preparation ( TVET ) all over the state. The chief aims of the MVTT are to ease for the vocational preparation Centres to merchandise high quality and market orient vocational and proficient instruction and skill development preparation. MVTT is the regulative ingrained structure for all facets of execution of Technical and Vocational bringing up and Training ( TVET ) in Sri Lanka. MVTT has outlined the cardinal policies and operational characteristics of the interior(a) Vocational Qualifications Systems in Sri Lanka ( NVQSL ) .The NVQSL provides the chance for sustainable, strategic solutions for national preparation demands and it will easy be able to accomplish international acknowledgment for makings, accomplishments and cognition of Sri Lankan workers in an increase competitory planetary environment.To carry through this several bureaus are working under MVTT. To carry through their aims, 06 separate vocational preparation Centres are working island broad.Those are The Tertiary and Vocational statement Commission ( TVEC ) , The National Apprentice and Industrial Training Authority ( NAITA ) , The National wreak of Technical Education Sri Lanka ( NITE_SL ) it is soon alteration to University of Technology ( UNIVOTEC ) , The Department of Technical Education and Training ( DETE ) The Vocational Training Authority ( VTA ) and The National Youth advantage Council ( NYSC ) .a. The Tertiary and Vocational Education Commission ( TVEC ) . The TVES was established on 1991. When it was established, it was employ to the undermentioned undertakings. The primary duty was preparation of policies, planning, and quality confidence of registered vocational preparation Centres. Further it is responsible for coordination and development of third and vocational instructionCentres all over the state. The Tertiary and Vocational instruction Commission is the classic organic structure of behavior appraisals and enrollment of vocational preparation Centres. Further every type of classs ha s to accreditation and certified by the TVEC. It is supervising quality of classs and criterions of registered and fit vocational preparation Centres.B. The National Apprentice and Industrial Training Authority ( NAITA ) . The NAITA is responsible for apprenticeship preparation island broad. Further it is responsible for followings activities to implement of NVQSL1 ) National Competency Standards2 ) Competence found Assessment Resources3 ) institution of Curriculum4 ) feat of Competency Based Training ( CBT )5 ) Conducting competence based appraisals ( including RPL )6 ) Industry arrangement of traineesc. The National Institute for Technical Education Sri Lanka ( NITE-SL ) This institute was converted to the University of Technology ( UNIVOTEC ) in litigate 1999 by the authorities of Sri Lanka. This institute is easing flat 07 degree plans and developing teachers who are learning at vocational preparation Centres. farther it is responsible for the undermentioned activities in order to execution of NVQSL.1 ) Development of CBT Curricula2 ) Staff Development3 ) Development of Learning Resources4 ) Implementing and coordinate Learning Resource Development Centre ( LRDC )d. The Department Of Technical Education and Training ( DTET ) . This is one of outstanding proficient instruction and preparation Centre in Sri Lanka. This is responsible to practice off 09 proficient instruction Centres which are offer NVQ degree 5 and 06 sheepskin. Further it is responsible for the undermentioned activities in order to execution of NVQSL.1 ) Execution of Competency Based Training ( CBT )2 ) Conducting Competency Based Assessment3 ) Execution of calling notify and guidance activities4 ) Execution of Self Employment forward motion Enterprises5 ) Execution of entrepreneurship planse. The Vocational Training Authority ( VTA ) . This is responsible to pull off vocational preparation institutes which are offer flat NVQ degree 01 to 05. To implement that, VTA is command foll owing developing institutes. National Vocational Training Institutes, District Vocational Training Centres, Special Vocational Training Centres, and bucolic Vocational Training Centres. Further it is responsible for the undermentioned activities in order to execution of NVQSL.1 ) Execution of Competency Based Training ( CBT )2 ) Conducting Competency Based Assessment3 ) Execution of calling counsel and guidance activities4 ) Execution of Self Employment Promotion Enterprises5 ) Execution of entrepreneurship plansf. The National Youth Service Council ( NYSC ) . This is founded to form and develop of young person and it is responsible for the undermentioned activities in order to execution of NVQSL.1 ) Execution of Competency Based Training ( CBT )2 ) Conducting Competency Based AssessmentA3 ) Execution on of calling counsel and guidance activitiesA4 ) Execution of Self Employment Promotion InitiativesAA 5 ) Execution of entrepreneurship plans.Chapter 7DATA ANALYZING1. Key issues and other issuesAs per the primary beginnings of informations, it is revealed the status of people who already working. Some of those areChapter 8FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATIONSChapter 9 finding

Legalized Pot; Killing Our Country

Hempeficial, by Steven Jeffrey published in 2011 discusses the legitimation of hemp and marijuana plants in the United States. Mr. Jeffrey thinks it is ludicrous that pot is illegal. In my opinion it is irresponsible to propose any initiative to legalize marijuana. My get has proven it to be highly addictive, damaging to young fountainheads and can shear the economy of the intellect necessary to keep us moving ahead. It is a myth that marihuana is not addictive. Studies of long- term users show a solid dependency correlation.A friend of mine, who is a neuroscientist, once told me that approximately 173,000 slew have some form of dependence to or use cannabis or its sister plant hemp regularly. Jeffrey states hemp has been used for at least 5,000 years. That is a classic case of addiction, not be able to stop. Marijuana is truly damaging to the brain, especi in ally young brains. My husband, who is a doctor, points out that it is not uncommon for hoi polloi who use, to complai n about recollection loss and not being able to think clearly.That the chemical tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active ingredient in marijuana, corrupts the natural process of endocannabinoids, a tell apart family of chemicals that help guide the brain in proper maturation. Yet Jeffrey refers to this as an innocuous plant. These chemicals are vital keys to the formation of memory, learning and decision-making. In this way, marijuana is even more damaging to a person because it pilots the brain to become stagnant. The primary concern is it has a lasting effect on young people.Jeffrey agrees that, the evil female plant-marijuana. It gets you high, it makes you laugh. My neighbor, a mother of three, told me she is very concerned that her once straight A students do nothing all day now except get high and laugh. When young people fail to show initiative to do something with their lives, we lose that portion of progressive ideas for new and improved technology. Our nation has stopped growing along with the smokers. til now Jeffrey states that other countries are literally laughing at our stupidity.

The Subcommittee on Terrorism and Homeland Security

The Subcommittee on mold of feat of act of terrorism and Homeland surety do a report on Counterterrorism intelligence Capabilities and doing before the 9/11 attack. fit to this report, one of the reasons why this tragedy was non prevented was their little than satisfactory management of resources particularly teaching that could imbibe be utilise to fore strugglen about terrorist intentions. It was reported for example, that the FBI, Homeland Security and the other agencies had precise limited ability to watchlist terrorist suspects be score of their inadequate access to up-to-date data self-collected by the different agencies and resources.In addition, it was found out that the actions of the FBI were more to contendds the investigation of practicable terrorist attacks and less focus was placed on the saloon of much(prenominal). (Report of Subcommittee on Terrorism and Homeland Security, 2002). These features harmed the Intelligence Committees ability to previse doable threats of terrorism. Needless to say, foreknowledge of an attack is necessary for its prevention. This necessitates infiltrating communities specially those with signifi bathroomt Arab populations.Still, it is definitive to none that this percolation is not an act of discrimination sheerly an act creationd on the large(p) probability that those involved in terrorism would snuff it to such nationality. There is a greater probablility that sympathisers and birthers of terrorism would be yen to the members of the Islamic population than other populations of different religions. The situation demands that efforts neer go below borderline if the safety of the population is to be considered. notwithstanding if this infiltration has drawbacks. One, it sacrifices the populations self-sufficiency and privacy.Two, it creates exaggerated fear among the concourse especially if the infiltration is most obvious. To minimize the resultant fear among the commonwealth, i t is necessary that infiltration be done in the most discreet appearance potential. Clearly, barricading the corporation with FBIs would not be unused as this would not solely arrest alarm except would overly harmful to the intelligence we atomic number 18 assay to crumple. This demands the need for informants and hole-and-corner(a) agents in the said community, from the said community and in all parts of the community, including mosques.It is really important that informants who be to be move be selected among those already reinforcement in that population. These battalion are already knowledgeable about their community they know the important people pick out a personal concern over the safety of their community and would be more knowledgeable in finding important reading prone the right directions. This limits the cartridge clip and effort required for information gathering, focusing the officials efforts in the interpretation and analysis of data, which speeds the process of investigation.The result is a more efficient transmission of deeply analyzed information, which is in effect(p) now what is needed in the prevention of terrorism jibe to the Subcommittee on Terrorism and Homeland Security (2002). But then, using informants, especially if these informants were selected from the resembling community involved would fee-tail precautions. The hazard here broods on the informants loyalty. Since the informant is selected from those already living in that population, it would be wise to assume that his loyalty is not utterly focused to state of fightds the progression of the organisations cause.The possibility that his loyalty would lie towards the side of a guilty individual or the investigated individual, who, like him belongs to the same community cannot be denied. Also it cannot be ascertained whether or not he is in league with the terrorists and is providing them with reports, or probably bound by the same nonsuchs complete ly against the governments. In using informants from the involved community, the in certification lies in the uncertainty of ones role who is pulling the set up and who is the marionette. To manage this danger requires the use of a trusted agent who is beyond the bounds of devotion instilled by community membership.This agent would act as the control, monitoring the local anesthetic informants actions and reporting each act that signals treachery. This way, it is possible to square up the reliability of the reports given, pin quest possible leak in intelligence and prepare information disseminated, to the advantage of the intelligence committee. Definitely, there is more to war morals than preventing needless deaths through terrorism, that is, the need to protect the people has made it to the point that the conversance and privacy of the people are sacrificed.Some convey of protecting the people such as expanded surveillance and seize and interrogate anyone (OConnor, 2006) i s in itself an act that would incise the peoples independence. Infiltrating the community with informants and agents, may also, in a way, harm communitys liberty and privacy but in a relatively less degree compared to other counterterrorism strategies. According to OConnor (2006), counterterrorism strategies involving technology and the use of informants are the most effective in terms of ensuring the peoples safety and at the same time limiting disadvantages in peoples liberty.In any case at this point, all actions aiming to go out people with their deserved safety entail a cost to the peoples civil liberty. 2. In any undertaking, it is very important to stick to the objective. This does not exclude counterterrorism, war against terrorism or any war for that field. The war against terrorism is not an end in itself but manifestly a delegacy to another end which are to protect the peoples rights to safety and to provide, in the long run, freedom. I intend to base my answers on t hese premises.All peoples in the act of terrorism or fighting against the i fills of counterterrorism with the intention of harm would be enemy combatants, without any distinction of citizenship, soldier or non-soldier. This is very different to the status accorded to different people involved in the war on terrorism today where they are classified as enemy combatant, un practice of lawful combatants, prisoners of war or noncombatant, each with different nourishment ideally based on International Standards. Whether or not a terrorist is a citizen of Afghanistan, or a citizen of the united States, anyone captured in the act of terrorist fury is considered a terrorist.Simply being an the Statesn does not excuse nighone from the penalisation accorded to crimes of terrorism and the only possible status, rights and shelter I could afford an American citizen in the act of terrorist madness is that of a criminal charged with terrorism. He will be interrogated, given a trial and puni shed according to law without dis pick up to his rights as human that is without the use of unnecessary twirl. A foreign national askd in terrorism in the United States would be treated in the same way, based on his actions and without regard to his nationality.There would be no more and no less harsh sermon given to a foreign national engaged in terrorism compared to an American counterpart. American national birth should not protect American-born terrorists or fail to protect naturalized citizens (Criticisms of the fight of Terrorism, 2006). In affording rights, status protection and punishment, giving such special considerations would be a question to the evaluator system and to the real intent and objective of this undertaking. Counterterrorism is not a point of nationality and citizenship.Counterterrorism is defending the peoples rights and freedom, a states sovereignty against people who overleap such ideals by instilling fear and uncertainty through violence. threefo ld standards should have no place in the barelyice system. If nationality and citizenship is to be considered, in deciding rights and punishment, then the efforts to realize the underlying goal which is the safety of the people would be for naught. This would not be counterterrorism but a war against a specific community. This can be applied in the case of the American Citizen who fights against American forces.Again, this is beyond the matter of citizenship. If the American citizen fights against the American forces, he is considered as a threat against the realization of the objectives of the war against terrorism, which is to protect the innocent citizens. The American forces would have no reason not to fight back. Torturing any of these subjects would never be dependableified in the context of only when war. I, personally would say that the torture of these subjects would not be necessary. Eliminating terrorism does not entail the necessity to torture any of the perpetrator s of terrorism.Elimination and torture may be analogous in a way that it would excite the wrath of the enemy but they are different in a way that elimination is on the nose what it isthat is, it is supposed to eliminate terrorism by eliminating its perpetrators possibly through reliance and application of nevertheless laws. Torture, on the other hand would only provoke the wrath of the enemy without the assurance of eliminating terrorism resulting in possible retaliation. Surely, the means of saving lives of peoples would not be limited on a torture or no torture system.Solving terrorism with terrorism is not only un dependable but also unwise. 3. Disregarding popular theories on yet war, let me say that a war that is bonny is a matter of perspective. To the leaders, all wars are just as long as it pass ons the ideals and settle they try to protect and achieve. To the US and maybe to some, the war against terrorism is just because its break up is supposedly to protect the lives, safety and liberty of innocent people against terror. To the leaders of the terrorists, they are supposedly protecting a certain ideal.To some, war is a religious undertaking. Terrorism may be an unpopular act to most but to its supporters, terrorism is their means of fighting for their ideals and achieve their purpose, which they personally believe are just whether others agree or not. But to some people especially those affected negatively by this war, this war would never be possibly just. The families left behind by innocent people who died in the 9/11 attack and those civilians who have work victims of bombs would never specify of agreeing to any argument saying that wars could possibly be just.Those who sympathize with these civilians and those who fear the possibility that someday they would become the unknowing victims of war would think the same way. Theorists, most popular of whom, St. appallingine, conceived of criteria that characterize a just war. The just war surmise provided guidelines in determining when a war is just (jus ad bellum), how combatants should fight in war (jus in bello), and when to end a war (Just War, 2006). According to the Jus ad bellum, wars should only be engaged in if there is a just cause.Just cause means that wars should only be engaged in to correct slanderdoings, as an act of defense against threats to freedom, rights and sovereignty. The cause is said to be just if it is an act to resist aggression (Orend, 2005). right intention is also necessary in a just war. winsome in war for material gains is outside the scope of right intention. In general, intention should always be to defend or correct suffered amiss(p) doings (Orend, 2005). The dimension and last resort states that gains should always outweigh the casualties incurred and wars should only be engaged in if all other possible means have been exhausted to no avail.Jus ad bellum also emphasizes the importance of sure authority and the probability o f success. War should only be engaged in if the chance of success is high because doing otherwise would undermine the theory of proportionality, also one criterion in considering a war as a just war (Orend, 2005). In engaging in a just war, combatants are expected to act in a way that violence and casualties are restrained and attempts to recognize human rights of some(prenominal) allies and enemies are made.According to the Jus in bello, combatants of a just war are expected to hold the principle of discrimination in which war is directed only to the perpetrators of wrong and decidedly not to civilians. Similar to the Jus ad bellum, in the Jus in bello, proportionality is expected. In this case, the force to be implemented must be justify when compared to the problem that occurred and the possible good outcome. The more civilian casualties, the more the war being waged are questionable (Just War, 2006).The Jus in bello also preaches the use of minimum force, respect for prisoner s of war, and derides the use of torture (Orend, 2005). In the same way, in the just war theory, wars should be terminated only with just cause if both parties are willing to negotiate and violations made by the aggressor have already been recognized and vindicated right intention, discrimination, proportionality and public settlement and authority (Orend, 2005). Fighting terrorism would cease to be just if it has woolly-headed the purpose and ideals which are its foundations.That is, if fighting terrorism has become a mere machination for purposes other than the ideals it stands for. Fighting terrorism would cease to be just if it resorted to unnecessary ways if it violates human rights if it in itself resorted to terrorism which is the exact ideal it is supposed to stand against. Fighting terrorism would cease to be just if it has become an act against the principles proposed by the just war theory. Others assert that the front end of any civilian deaths would define an unjust war (Bell, 2006).If all these would kick downstairs wars as unjust, then the impossibility of a just war is definite especially when applied to the war on terrorism. Still, criticisms of the just war theory stresses the inapplicability of the just war theory in the pay real wars, such as todays war on terrorism which is original one. When fighting terrorist groups such as the Al Qaeda, the conventional guidelines for war become obsolete. Therefore, just war has to be redefined (Bell, 2006). 4. Schools, colleges, universities, the press and some institutions have the bureau to carry out or instill ideas among the people.Unfortunately for the government, these institutions are the breeding instal of radical ideas, some, supporting terrorism and most of which pertaining to anti-militaristic views attacking any actions involving the war against terrorism, inspiring terrorist support. People who incite violence when they glorify gaga acts against America may be responsible, corrob oratively for such acts because of the inspiration they give. They are so in forthwith accountable but they should not be punished unless they themselves engage in violent acts directly.America, as it professes, hold most deeply their contend for freedom and democracy, and part of this freedom and democracy that they allow their people is the freedom to express ones insights, beliefs and emotions. If a person feels like glorifying violent acts against America, if that person feels that in himself, he is against the beliefs and ideals that America stands for, then he or she is free to communicate, glorify or say anything about it whether or not it inspires violent acts among others. He should be free to say everything as long as he does not directly engage in such violence.It is, after all, his right. Now this freedom allowed to citizens is exactly what attains it difficult for the government to deal with schools, mosques and charities that indirectly support terrorism because imp osing sanctions on such indirect actions would undermine the liberty that they strive to protect. The only thing the government can do is to make parallel actions that would negate the actions of the supporters of terrorism. If there are local institutions that support terrorism, then they would have to use their power to tap what easy resources they have, to negate such support and ideals.They have to make an effort to promote their ideas and market it, indirectly targeting the ideas of the supporters of terrorism and at the same time, indirectly fashioning an effort to reach out and win the key supporters of terrorism. Part of the war against terrorism is to put out ideas that make possible the perpetuation of support of terrorism and not the people who support these ideas (if they do not directly engage in terrorism). In this case the war against terrorism is simply not a guns and bombs war, but also a challenge to make some people realize the correctness of the ideas imposed.I f the ideas that support terrorism take down from ideas imposed by some institutions, then actions should be targeted toward making fibrous institutions publicly support ideas like the governments. Or better yet, inculcate anti-terrorist ideas to the institutions that support terrorism. In a way, this would be propagating anti-terrorist ideas as well as killing ideas that support terrorism. 5. The fight against terrorism is now the first and prevailing priority of the segment of Justice. (US Department of Justice, 2004). Following this is the revision of the US nationalist act, which expands the power of Intelligence Officials in gathering information. In general, the briny purpose of this expansion is for a more efficient targeting and prevention of terrorism by revising previous acts that limited the governments ability to gather and use information and provide sanctions to terrorists. The revisions include a freer access to information, allowing information sharing among gov ernment agencies, strengthening criminal laws against terrorism and updating the law to reflect new technology (US Department of Justice, 2004).All these revisions are said to be required to eliminate hindrances to the investigation of terrorist acts. The main purpose of this revision is to provide a more efficient means of using critical information especially those related to terrorism. Prior to the approval of the USA nationalist function was a report submitted by the Subcommittee on Terrorism and Homeland Security in 2002, analyzing the possible causes of failure to prevent the 9/11 attack.The main points of the report is the mismanagement of intelligence caused mostly by certain restrictions in the law prior to the 9/11 attack, and the need for certain revisions to bind the present need regarding terrorism (Report of the Subcommittee on Terrorism and Homeland Security, 2002). Apparently, the revisions in the US Patriot make for are the response. Undeniably, the revisions in the US Patriot flirt are a significant incapacitation of terrorist plans and are a great advancement, although not absolute, in terms of reducing the number of terrorist attacks and thus, ensuring the safety of the people.This has been turn up by situations exemplified in a report by the US Department of Justice in 2004 en ennobled, Report from the Field The US Patriot strike at Work. The US Patriot Act has temporarily slowed and probably prevented some(prenominal) acts of terrorism, thus improving the perceive safety of the population. But this advantage comes with the expense of increase deprivation of civil liberty. The Act could definitely justify secret wiretaps, increase arrests even at a lower threshold of evidence, increased secret access to personal accounts, records, technological usage, mails and conversations (OConnor, 2006).The not so a few(prenominal) accounts of erroneous arrests that have been recorded since the approval of the US Patriot Act confirm this (Cr iticisms of the War on Terrorism, 2006). Critics of Militarism and the US Patriot Act, and the proponents of civic liberty agree that it is better to think before doing anything drastic (OConnor, 2006). Those for the Patriot Act agree that in the war against terrorism, time is of the essence as a moment of hesitation could disastrously spell doom (Department of Justice, 2004).Another point to be considered in the US Patriot Act is the span of time when provide of the Act would still be deemed effective in preventing terrorism and ensuring the peoples safety. Anyone make by a perceived moral cause would not be stopped by simple revisions of laws, or more appropriately, by laws per se. And this is exactly what characterizes the terrorists in question their motivation to terrorize is beyond any sensual or material cause they are motivated by their perceived definition of morality and justice.Soon, they will find a loophole in the laws that are presently slowing them down, and contin ue towards their goals. The question now is would the government foresee possible threats that are beyond the treatment of laws? And if they do, how would they handle and prevent these possible threats? Would it spell more demands on the peoples civic liberty in win over for the more extensive need for safety? And if they do, what if the bombs and terrorist attacks are mere guises to take on our attention from how they are working on their real targetthe peoples libertythe ideal the state is trying to protect.Because if you are a terrorist, what better way to attack than attacking the foundation of your enemies framework. Is it not possible that the state is unknowingly working towards the achievement of the enemies real goal? Although the approval of the Act has provided the government with better capability to reduce threats of terrorism, it is still very important, especially with the world-wide movement of priorities, that such questions be given consideration and other threa ts to the peoples security continue to be studied, understood and monitored (Report of Subcommittee on Terrorism and Homeland Security, 2002).Given the present circumstances when the safety of the peoples is at risk, the US Patriot Act seems to be working satisfactorily in terms of preventing terrorist attacks. It would not be wise to change the provisions of the Act if the objective is to ensure the peoples safety. But it would be nice to be hopeful that there would someday be a proposal that would ensure the peoples safety without sacrificing the peoples liberty. At present, all we can do is choose the lesser evil, and think of ways to eliminate evil as a choice.References Anti-Americanism. (2006, princely 5). In Wikipedia, The excuse Encyclopedia. Retrieved 0202, August 6, 2006, from http//en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=AntiAmericanism &oldid=67844288. Bell, D. (2006). Can the War be Just? Or What is Just War Good For? In Crosscurrents Magazine. Retrieved August 6, 2006 , from http//www. crosscurrents. org/Bellspring2006. pdf Criticisms of the War on Terrorism. (2006, August 4).In Wikipedia, The giving Encyclopedia. Retrieved 0203, August 6, 2006, from http//en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Criticisms_of_the_War_on_Terrorism&oldid=67579159. Just War. (2006, August 6). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 0202, August 6, 2006, from http//en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Just_War&oldid=67920472. OConnor, T. (2006, June 6). Civic Liberties in internal Terrorism. In Megalinks in Criminal Justice. Retrieved August 6, 2006, from http//faculty. ncwc. edu/toconnor/429/429lect19. htm. Orend, B. (2005). War. In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.Retrieved August 6, 2006, from http//plato. stanford. edu/archives/win2005/entries/war. Report of Subcommittee on Terrorism and Homeland Security, House eonian Select Committee on Intelligence on Counterterrorism Intelligence Capabilities and Performance Prior to 9-11 (2002, July). In Fe deration of American Scientists Intelligence Resource Program. Retrieved August 6, 2006 from http//www. fas. org/irp/congress/2002_rpt/hpsci_ths0702. html. US Department of Justice (2004, July). Report from the Field The US Patriot Act at Work.